Department of Chemical Engineering & Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2010 Mar;73(3):222-30. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2009.11.005. Epub 2009 Dec 24.
Contaminant loadings to the Venice Lagoon peaked from 1950s-1980s and although they have since declined, contaminant concentrations remain elevated in sediment and seafood. In order to identify the relative importance of contaminant sources, inter-media exchange and removal pathways, a modified 10-segment fugacity/aquivalence-based model was developed for octachlorodibenzodioxin/furan (OCDD/F), PCB-180, Pb and Cu in the Venice Lagoon. Results showed that in-place pollution nearby the industrial area, current industrial discharges, and tributary loadings were the main sources of contaminants to the lagoon, with negligible contributions from the atmosphere. The fate of these contaminants was governed by sediment-water exchange with simultaneous advective transport by water circulation. Contaminants circulated amongst the northern and central basins with a small fraction reaching the far southern basin and the Chioggia inlet. As a consequence, we estimated limited contaminant transfer to the Adriatic Sea, trapping the majority of contaminants in the sediment in this "average" circulation scenario which does not account for periodic flooding events.
污染物负荷对威尼斯泻湖的影响在 20 世纪 50 年代至 80 年代达到峰值，尽管此后有所下降，但污染物浓度在沉积物和海鲜中仍然很高。为了确定污染物来源、介质间交换和去除途径的相对重要性，针对多氯代二苯并对二恶英/呋喃（OCDD/F）、PCB-180、Pb 和 Cu，开发了一种经过改进的十段逸度/等效性基础模型，用于研究威尼斯泻湖。结果表明，工业区域附近的原地污染、当前工业排放和支流负荷是污染物进入泻湖的主要来源，大气的贡献可以忽略不计。这些污染物的命运受沉积物-水交换和水环流的平流输送控制。污染物在北部和中部盆地之间循环，只有一小部分到达远南部盆地和基奥贾入口。因此，我们估计向亚得里亚海的污染物转移有限，在这种“平均”循环情况下，大部分污染物被滞留在沉积物中，这种情况没有考虑到周期性的洪水事件。
