Russell N K, Becker D M, Finney C P, Moses H
Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD.
Am J Public Health. 1991 Apr;81(4):448-51. doi: 10.2105/ajph.81.4.448.
While the distribution of cholesterol levels have been well studied in the general population, little is known about cholesterol and other cardiovascular disease risk factors in screenings held in an urban Black community. This study was designed to determine the yield of cholesterol screening in this community.
Screening took place in eight community sites. Serum total cholesterol was measured using a rapid capillary technique. Blood pressure was taken according to national guidelines and the average of two to three measurements were used. Standard interviews were used to determine the presence of cardiovascular risk factors by history.
Of the 562 individuals screened, 44.9 percent had cholesterol levels requiring referral for follow-up care. Of those with total cholesterol greater than or equal to 6.21 mmol/L, 66.4 percent were previously undetected and more than half also had blood pressure levels greater than or equal to 140/90 mmHg on screening; 45 percent of all participants had blood pressure greater than or equal to 140/90 on screenings. Of those with a history of elevated total cholesterol levels, none had levels below 5.17 mmol/L at the time of screening.
Multiple risk factors are highly prevalent in the urban Black community during cholesterol screening programs. Findings suggest the need for cholesterol programs incorporating blood pressure screening in the urban Black community.
虽然胆固醇水平在普通人群中的分布已得到充分研究，但对于在城市黑人社区进行的筛查中胆固醇及其他心血管疾病风险因素的了解却很少。本研究旨在确定该社区胆固醇筛查的效果。
在八个社区地点进行筛查。采用快速毛细血管技术测量血清总胆固醇。根据国家指南测量血压，并采用两到三次测量的平均值。通过标准访谈根据病史确定心血管风险因素的存在情况。
在接受筛查的562人中，44.9%的人胆固醇水平需要转诊接受后续治疗。在总胆固醇大于或等于6.21 mmol/L的人群中，66.4%此前未被发现，且超过一半的人在筛查时血压水平也大于或等于140/90 mmHg；所有参与者中有45%在筛查时血压大于或等于140/90。在有总胆固醇水平升高病史的人群中，筛查时无人胆固醇水平低于5.17 mmol/L。
在城市黑人社区的胆固醇筛查项目中，多种风险因素非常普遍。研究结果表明在城市黑人社区需要将血压筛查纳入胆固醇筛查项目。
