Metgud D C, Khatri Subhash, Mokashi M G, Saha P N
Department of Physiotherapy, KLES Institute of Physiotherapy, Nehru Nagar, Belgaum - 590 010, India.
Indian J Occup Environ Med. 2008 Apr;12(1):14-9. doi: 10.4103/0019-5278.40810.
The observational cross-sectional study conducted on a sample of 100 women workers who volunteered, outlines their cardio-respiratory and musculo-skeletal profile before, during and at end of work. In addition, information on their health status in general was collected in advance.Contrary to expectation, there was no significant change in respiratory function. However, the musculo-skeletal problems were found to be abundantly present with pain in 91% of the subjects. Region-wise mapping of pain revealed that postural pain in low back was present in 47% while in neck was 19%. Scapular muscles on the right side were involved in stabilizing shoulder, which never went overhead. On the contrary, left shoulder was raised as high (>90 degrees) in spinning action, while pulling thread. This muscle work involved trapezius, deltoid and triceps action concentrically in lifting and while coming to starting position slowly, eccentrically. There was no pause since the wheel continued to spin the thread continuously, unless a worker opted to stop the work. Accordingly, left wrist and hand were in holding contraction while the right wrist and hand holding the handle were also in a fixed position with wrist in flexion with supinated forearm. Though the overall job was light as per peak HR, there was pain due to fatigue and grip strength weakened by around 10%, at the end of the day's work. In conclusion, pain and fatigue were found to be the main problems for women in the spinning section of the small-scale industry under this study. Women have to take up dual responsibility of a full-time job as well as the domestic work. It was considered that ergonomic factors such as provision of a backrest and frequent rest periods could remediate the musculo-skeletal symptoms.
这项观察性横断面研究以100名自愿参与的女性工人为样本，概述了她们在工作前、工作期间和工作结束时的心肺功能和肌肉骨骼状况。此外，还提前收集了她们的总体健康状况信息。与预期相反，呼吸功能没有显著变化。然而，发现91%的受试者存在大量肌肉骨骼问题并伴有疼痛。按区域绘制的疼痛图显示，47%的受试者存在下背部姿势性疼痛，19%的受试者存在颈部疼痛。右侧肩胛肌参与稳定从未举过头顶的肩部。相反，在纺纱动作中，左手肩在拉纱时举得很高（>90度）。这种肌肉工作在举起时同心地涉及斜方肌、三角肌和肱三头肌的动作，而在缓慢回到起始位置时离心地涉及这些肌肉的动作。由于纺车持续不断地纺纱，除非工人选择停止工作，否则没有停顿。因此，左手腕和手处于持续收缩状态，而握住手柄的右手腕和手也处于固定位置，手腕屈曲，前臂旋后。尽管根据峰值心率，总体工作强度较轻，但在一天的工作结束时，由于疲劳仍有疼痛，握力减弱了约10%。总之，在本研究中，疼痛和疲劳被发现是小型工业纺纱部门女性的主要问题。女性必须承担全职工作和家务的双重责任。人们认为，诸如提供靠背和频繁休息等人体工程学因素可以缓解肌肉骨骼症状。
