Zuskin E, Mustajbegovic J, Schachter E N, Kanceljak B, Godnic-Cvar J, Sitar-Srebocan V
Andrija Stampar School of Public Health, Medical Faculty University of Zagreb, Croatia.
Am J Ind Med. 1995 Jun;27(6):845-57. doi: 10.1002/ajim.4700270608.
Our study investigated a group of 216 wool textile workers (158 women and 58 men). Respiratory symptoms were assessed by questionnaire in wool textile workers and in 130 not exposed (control) workers. Ventilatory capacity was measured in wool workers by recording maximum expiratory flow-volume (MEFV) curves on Monday before and after the work shift. Forced vital capacity (FVC), 1-second forced expiratory volume (FEV1), and flow rates at 50% and the last 25% of the vital capacity (FEF50, FEF25) were measured on the MEFV curves. Analysis of the data demonstrated a significantly higher prevalence of all chronic respiratory symptoms in wool workers than in controls, being the highest in wool workers for nasal catarrh (M: 63.8%; F: 44.9%) and for sinusitis (M: 62.1%; F: 43.0%). A high prevalence of acute symptoms, associated with the work shift, was also noted in wool workers. Exposure to wool dust caused significant across-shift reductions of ventilatory capacity varying from 1.4% for FEV1 to 9.1% for FEF50. Textile workers exposed to wool for > 10 years in the workplace had similar across-shift reductions of ventilatory capacity tests as those with shorter exposures. In a large number of these wool workers, FEF50 and FEF25 were below 70% of predicted normal values. Smokers had acute and chronic lung function changes similar to those of nonsmokers, indicating that smoking did not account for all the respiratory effects seen in wool processing workers. Our data suggest that dust exposures in wool textile mills may be associated with the development of chronic respiratory symptoms and impaired lung function.
我们的研究调查了一组216名毛纺织工人（158名女性和58名男性）。通过问卷调查评估了毛纺织工人以及130名未接触（对照）工人的呼吸道症状。通过记录工作日周一工作班次前后的最大呼气流量-容积（MEFV）曲线，测量了毛纺织工人的通气能力。在MEFV曲线上测量了用力肺活量（FVC）、1秒用力呼气容积（FEV1）以及肺活量50%和最后25%时的流速（FEF50、FEF25）。数据分析表明，毛纺织工人中所有慢性呼吸道症状的患病率显著高于对照组，其中鼻粘膜炎（男性：63.8%；女性：44.9%）和鼻窦炎（男性：62.1%；女性：43.0%）在毛纺织工人中的患病率最高。在毛纺织工人中还注意到与工作班次相关的急性症状的高患病率。接触羊毛粉尘导致通气能力在整个工作班次中显著下降，FEV1下降1.4%，FEF50下降9.1%。在工作场所接触羊毛超过10年的纺织工人，其通气能力测试的整个工作班次下降情况与接触时间较短的工人相似。在大量这些毛纺织工人中，FEF50和FEF25低于预测正常值的70%。吸烟者的急性和慢性肺功能变化与不吸烟者相似，这表明吸烟不能解释毛纺织工人中出现的所有呼吸效应。我们的数据表明，毛纺织厂中的粉尘接触可能与慢性呼吸道症状的发展和肺功能受损有关。
