Barry Christina, Konstantinos Anastasios
Vaccine Preventable Diseases Surveillance Section, Office of Health Protection, Department of Health and Ageing, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory.
Commun Dis Intell Q Rep. 2009 Sep;33(3):304-15. doi: 10.33321/cdi.2009.33.33.
The National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System received 1,135 tuberculosis (TB) notifications in 2007, of which 1,086 were new cases and 48 were relapsed cases. The incidence of TB in Australia in 2007 was 5.4 cases per 100,000 population, similar to rates since 1986. In 2007, 86.4% of cases occurred in the overseas-born population. The incidence in the Indigenous Australian population was 6.6 cases per 100,000 population. By contrast, the incidence of TB in the non-Indigenous population was 0.9 cases per 100,000 population. Household or other close contact with TB or past residence in a high risk country were the most commonly reported risk factors for TB infection. In 2007, 31 cases of TB were reported in health care workers, 29 of which were in health care workers born overseas. There were no reports of TB transmission in Australian health care settings. Outcome data of the 2006 TB cohort indicate that treatment success was attained in more than 95% of cases. As Australia continues to contribute to global TB control it is important to maintain good centralised reporting of TB to identify populations at risk and for early detection of reversal in trends in TB.
国家法定传染病监测系统在2007年收到了1135例结核病通报，其中1086例为新发病例，48例为复发病例。2007年澳大利亚的结核病发病率为每10万人口5.4例，与1986年以来的发病率相似。2007年，86.4%的病例发生在出生于海外的人群中。澳大利亚原住民人口的发病率为每10万人口6.6例。相比之下，非原住民人口的结核病发病率为每10万人口0.9例。与结核病患者的家庭接触或其他密切接触以及过去在高风险国家居住是最常报告的结核病感染风险因素。2007年，报告了31例医护人员结核病病例，其中29例发生在出生于海外的医护人员中。澳大利亚医疗机构中没有结核病传播的报告。2006年结核病队列的结果数据表明，超过95%的病例治疗成功。随着澳大利亚继续为全球结核病控制做出贡献，保持良好的结核病集中报告对于识别高危人群以及早期发现结核病趋势逆转非常重要。
