National Center for Tuberculosis Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
PLoS One. 2013;8(3):e58171. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0058171. Epub 2013 Mar 12.
The incidence of tuberculosis (TB) and its risk factors in China remains unclear. This study examined TB incidence and relative risk factors in rural areas of China. Participants (n = 177,529) were recruited in Xiangtan County (in the central area of China) and in Danyang County (in the eastern area of China) in 2009 and a followed-up study was conducted for one year. The incidence density of pulmonary TB and smear-positive TB were 91.6 (95% CI: 78.7, 106.0) per 100,000 person-year and 36.7 (95% CI: 33.1, 52.4) per 100,000 person-year respectively in Xiangtan, and 47.3 (95% CI: 38.2, 57.5) per 100,000 person-year and 22.7 (95% CI: 16.5, 30.8) per 100,000 person-year in Danyang. The medical history of TB was associated with TB, with the relative risk (RR) of 7.00 (95% CI: 2.76, 17.18) in Xiangtan and that of 31.08 (95% CI: 13.22, 73.10) in Danyang. The association between TB and per capita living space over median was found in Xiangtan, with the RR of 1.86 (95% CI: 1.15, 3.01). No association was found between TB and the insurance status, the contact history with TB, the history of diabetes, smoking, or per capita annual income. The host genetic susceptibility, and social factors such as education and income could be considered in future studies.
中国的结核病（TB）发病率及其危险因素仍不清楚。本研究调查了中国农村地区的结核病发病率和相对危险因素。参与者（n=177529）于 2009 年在湘潭县（中国中部地区）和丹阳县（中国东部地区）招募，并进行了为期一年的随访研究。湘潭县肺结核和涂片阳性肺结核的发病率密度分别为 91.6（95%CI：78.7，106.0）/100000 人年和 36.7（95%CI：33.1，52.4）/100000 人年，丹阳县分别为 47.3（95%CI：38.2，57.5）/100000 人年和 22.7（95%CI：16.5，30.8）/100000 人年。结核病病史与结核病相关，湘潭县的相对风险（RR）为 7.00（95%CI：2.76，17.18），丹阳县的 RR 为 31.08（95%CI：13.22，73.10）。在湘潭县，结核病与人均居住面积超过中位数之间存在关联，RR 为 1.86（95%CI：1.15，3.01）。在湘潭县，结核病与保险状况、与结核病的接触史、糖尿病史、吸烟史或人均年收入均无关联。在未来的研究中，可以考虑宿主遗传易感性以及教育和收入等社会因素。
