Fernandez-Gonzalez Maria, Rodriguez-Rajo Javier, Jato Victoria, Aira Jesus
Department of Botany, Pharmacy Faculty, University of Santiago of Compostela, Santiago of Compostela E-15782, Spain.
Ann Agric Environ Med. 2009;16(2):263-71.
Knowledge about the fungal spores most abundant in the atmosphere of a vineyard is of great use since it allows development of prediction models of the spore concentration, and therefore application of phytosanitary treatments only when high levels of fungal propaguls are detected. In this study the concentration of phytopathogenic spores is related with the different phenological stages of the vineyard, and a prediction model developed for each fungal type using meteorological, phenological and spore concentrations variables. The study was carried out in a vineyard of the Ribeiro district during the year 2007. For the aerobiological study a volumetric Hirst type trap was used, while phenological observations were carried out on 20 plants of the three varieties monitored (Treixadura, Godello and Loureira) following the phenological scale standardized by the BBCH. Botrytis reached the highest annual total value with 16,145 spores, followed by Plasmopara with 747 spores and Uncinula with 578 spores. In order to forecast the concentration of the phytopathogenic fungal spores, equations of lineal regression were elaborated including as estimators, variables with high correlation coefficient. For Botrytis the regression equation explained 42.4% of the variability of spore concentration, 26.1% for Uncinula and 24.7% for Plasmopara.
了解葡萄园大气中最丰富的真菌孢子知识非常有用，因为这有助于建立孢子浓度预测模型，从而仅在检测到高水平真菌繁殖体时才进行植物检疫处理。在本研究中，植物病原孢子的浓度与葡萄园的不同物候阶段相关，并使用气象、物候和孢子浓度变量为每种真菌类型建立了预测模型。该研究于2007年在里贝罗地区的一个葡萄园进行。进行空气生物学研究时使用了容积式赫斯特型诱捕器，而物候观测则按照BBCH标准化的物候尺度，对监测的三个品种（特雷霞杜拉、戈德洛和洛雷拉）的20株植株进行。葡萄孢菌的年度总值最高，为16145个孢子，其次是霜霉属，有747个孢子，钩丝壳属有578个孢子。为了预测植物病原真菌孢子的浓度，建立了线性回归方程，将具有高相关系数的变量作为估计量。对于葡萄孢菌，回归方程解释了孢子浓度变异性的42.4%，对于钩丝壳属为26.1%，对于霜霉属为24.7%。
