Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), U174 - Program for HIV Prevention and Treatment (PHPT), Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Department of Medical Technology, 110 Inthawaroros Road, Muang, 50200 Chiang Mai, Thailand.
Int J Infect Dis. 2010 Jul;14(7):e602-7. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2009.09.002. Epub 2010 Jan 3.
The objectives of this study were to assess the prevalence and factors associated with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected and -uninfected Thai pregnant women and the rate of HCV transmission to their infants.
Study subjects included 1435 HIV-infected pregnant women and their infants, enrolled in a perinatal HIV prevention trial, and a control group of 448 HIV-uninfected pregnant women. Women were screened for HCV antibodies with an enzyme immunoassay. Positive results were confirmed by recombinant immunoblot and HCV RNA quantification. Infants were tested for HCV antibodies at 18 months or for HCV RNA at between 6 weeks and 6 months.
Of the HIV-infected women, 2.9% were HCV-infected compared to 0.5% of HIV-uninfected women (p=0.001). Only history of intravenous drug use was associated with HCV infection in HIV-infected women. Ten percent of infants born to co-infected mothers acquired HCV. The risk of transmission was associated with a high maternal HCV RNA (p=0.012), but not with HIV-1 load or CD4 count.
Acquisition of HCV through intravenous drug use partially explains the higher rate of HCV infection in HIV-infected Thai women than in HIV-uninfected controls. Perinatal transmission occurred in 10% of infants of HIV-HCV-co-infected mothers and was associated with high maternal HCV RNA.
本研究旨在评估泰国 HIV 感染和未感染孕妇丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）感染的流行率及其相关因素，以及 HCV 向其婴儿传播的比率。
研究对象包括参加围产期 HIV 预防试验的 1435 名 HIV 感染孕妇及其婴儿，以及 448 名 HIV 未感染孕妇作为对照组。采用酶联免疫吸附试验筛查 HCV 抗体。阳性结果采用重组免疫印迹法和 HCV RNA 定量进行确认。婴儿在 18 个月时检测 HCV 抗体，或在 6 周至 6 个月时检测 HCV RNA。
HIV 感染妇女中，2.9%为 HCV 感染，而 HIV 未感染妇女中为 0.5%（p=0.001）。仅静脉吸毒史与 HIV 感染妇女的 HCV 感染相关。10%的母婴共感染母亲所生婴儿获得 HCV。传播的风险与母体 HCV RNA 水平高（p=0.012）相关，但与 HIV-1 载量或 CD4 计数无关。
静脉吸毒导致的 HCV 获得部分解释了泰国 HIV 感染妇女 HCV 感染率高于 HIV 未感染对照组的原因。10%的 HIV-HCV 共感染母亲所生婴儿发生围产期传播，与母体 HCV RNA 水平高有关。
