Albert M J, Alam K, Islam M, Montanaro J, Rahaman A S, Haider K, Hossain M A, Kibriya A K, Tzipori S
International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Dhaka.
Infect Immun. 1991 Apr;59(4):1507-13. doi: 10.1128/iai.59.4.1507-1513.1991.
Hafnia alvei, a member of the family Enterobacteriaceae, was the only species of bacteria cultured from the stool of a 9-month-old child who was admitted with a 3-day history of watery diarrhea. The isolated strain of H. alvei failed to produce heat-labile or heat-stable enterotoxins or Shiga-like toxin I or II and did not invade HeLa cells, nor did it cause keratoconjunctivitis (determined by the Sereny test) in a guinea pig's eye. The strain, however, induced diarrhea in 8 of 12 adult rabbits with removable intestinal ties (removable intestinal tie-adult rabbit diarrhea [RITARD] assay) and in 1 of 2 orally fed animals. No diarrhea could be induced with Escherichia coli K-12 in eight RITARD assay rabbits and three orally fed rabbits, respectively. Microscopic examination of affected animals revealed moderate inflammatory cellular infiltration of the intestinal mucosa, in which bacterial attachment to the surface epithelium and loss of the microvillus border were evident in the ileum and colon. Electron microscopy demonstrated cellular modifications of the apical surface, with cupping or pedestal formation and increased terminal web density at sites of bacterial "attachment-effacement," a well-known characteristic and mechanism of diarrhea of enteropathogenic E. coli. Identical lesions were also induced by H. alvei in rabbit ileal loops, which ruled out naturally occurring rabbit enteropathogenic E. coli strains, which are known to produce similar lesions. It is concluded that at least some strains of H. alvei have the potential to cause diarrhea and that attachment-effacement is a virulence characteristic shared by bacteria other than E. coli.
蜂房哈夫尼亚菌是肠杆菌科的一员，它是从一名9个月大的儿童粪便中培养出的唯一细菌种类，该儿童因腹泻3天入院。分离出的蜂房哈夫尼亚菌菌株未产生不耐热或耐热肠毒素、志贺样毒素I或II，也未侵袭HeLa细胞，在豚鼠眼中也未引起角膜结膜炎（通过塞雷尼试验确定）。然而，该菌株在12只安装了可移除肠套的成年兔子中有8只引发了腹泻（可移除肠套-成年兔子腹泻[RITARD]试验），在2只经口喂养的动物中有1只引发了腹泻。在8只进行RITARD试验的兔子和3只经口喂养的兔子中，大肠杆菌K-12分别未引发腹泻。对受影响动物的显微镜检查显示，肠道黏膜有中度炎性细胞浸润，在回肠和结肠中，细菌附着于表面上皮且微绒毛边界消失明显。电子显微镜显示顶端表面有细胞变化，在细菌“黏附-抹平”部位有杯状或基座形成以及终末网密度增加，这是致病性大肠杆菌腹泻的一个众所周知的特征和机制。蜂房哈夫尼亚菌在兔回肠袢中也引发了相同病变，排除了自然存在的兔致病性大肠杆菌菌株，已知这些菌株会产生类似病变。得出的结论是，至少某些蜂房哈夫尼亚菌菌株有导致腹泻的潜力，并且黏附-抹平分型是大肠杆菌以外的细菌共有的一种毒力特征。
