阿里格尔成年人群中常见眼部疾病的患病率
Prevalence of common ocular morbidities in adult population of aligarh.
作者信息
Haq Inaamul, Khan Zulfia, Khalique Najam, Amir Ali, Jilani Fatima A, Zaidi Meena
机构信息
Department of Community Medicine & Institute of Ophthalmology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India.
出版信息
Indian J Community Med. 2009 Jul;34(3):195-201. doi: 10.4103/0970-0218.55283.
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES
To determine the prevalence of common ocular morbidities (cataract, refractive errors, glaucoma, and corneal opacities) and their demographic and sociocultural correlates.
SETTINGS AND DESIGN
The present cross-sectional study was conducted in the field practice areas of the Department of Community Medicine, JNMC, AMU, Aligarh, for a period of one year, from September 2005 to August 2006.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Systematic random sampling was done to select the required sample size. All adults aged 20 years and above in the selected households were interviewed and screened using a 6/9 illiterate 'E' chart. Those who could not read the 'E' chart were referred to the respective health training center for a complete eye examination by an ophthalmologist.
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS
Chi- square test.
RESULTS
The prevalence of visual impairment, low vision, and blindness, based on presenting visual acuity was 13.0, 7.8, and 5.3%, respectively. The prevalence of cataract was 21.7%. Bilateral cataract was present in 16.9% of the population. Cataract was significantly associated with age, education, and fuel use. The prevalence of myopia, hypermetropia, and astigmatism was 11.5, 9.8, and 3.7%, respectively. Glaucoma was diagnosed in six patients, giving a prevalence rate of 0.9%. All the six patients of glaucoma were aged above 40 years. The prevalence of corneal opacity was 4.2%.
CONCLUSION
There is a high prevalence of treatable or preventable morbidities such as cataract, refractive errors, and corneal opacity.
目的与目标
确定常见眼部疾病（白内障、屈光不正、青光眼和角膜混浊）的患病率及其人口统计学和社会文化相关因素。
设置与设计
本横断面研究在阿里格尔穆斯林大学（AMU）JNMC社区医学系的现场实践区域进行，为期一年，从2005年9月至2006年8月。
材料与方法
采用系统随机抽样确定所需样本量。对所选家庭中所有20岁及以上的成年人进行访谈，并使用文盲用的6/9“E”视力表进行筛查。那些看不懂“E”视力表的人被转至各自的健康培训中心，由眼科医生进行全面的眼部检查。
统计分析
卡方检验。
结果
根据就诊时的视力，视力损害、低视力和失明的患病率分别为13.0%、7.8%和5.3%。白内障的患病率为21.7%。16.9%的人群患有双侧白内障。白内障与年龄、教育程度和燃料使用显著相关。近视、远视和散光的患病率分别为11.5%、9.8%和3.7%。诊断出6例青光眼患者，患病率为0.9%。所有6例青光眼患者年龄均在40岁以上。角膜混浊的患病率为4.2%。
结论
白内障、屈光不正和角膜混浊等可治疗或可预防疾病的患病率很高。
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