[G1359A polymorphism of the cannabinoid receptor gene (CNR1) on anthropometric parameters and cardiovascular risk factors in patients with morbid obesity].

BACKGROUND

A polymorphism (1359 G/A) of the CB1 gene has been described, it was reported as a common polymorphism in European populations. The aim of our study was to investigate the influence of this polymorphism of CB1 receptor gene on obesity anthropometric parameters, cardiovascular risk factors and adipocytokines in morbid obese patients.

DESIGN

A population of 66 morbid obese patients was analyzed. An indirect calorimetry, tetrapolar electrical bioimpedance, blood pressure, a serial assessment of nutritional intake with 3 days written food records and biochemical analysis (lipid profile, adipocytokines, insulin, CRP and lipoprotein-a) were performed. The statistical analysis was performed for the combined G1359A and A1359A as a group and wild type G1359G as second group, with a dominant model.

RESULTS

Thirty eight patients (57.6%) had the genotype G1359G (wild type group) and 28 (42.4%) patients G1359A (40.0%) (mutant type group). Weight (117.4 +/- 17.4 kg vs 109.4 +/- 13.8 kg: p < 0.05), BMI (45.4 +/- 4.7 vs 43.3 +/- 3.4: p < 0.05), fat mass (60.1 +/- 13.4 kg vs 53,6 +/- 12.8 kg: p < 0.05), waist circumference (126.3 +/- 10.8 cm vs 122.9 +/- 12.6 cm: p < 0.05), C reactive protein (11.2 +/- 8.8 mg/dl vs 7.8 +/- 4.6 mg/dl: p < 0.05), insulin (23.5 +/- 19.8 mUI/L vs 18.4 +/- 17.1 mUI/L: p < 0.05) and HOMA (6.46 +/- 6.2 vs 4.70 +/- 4.6: p < 0.05) were lowers in patients with G1359A genotype. No differences were detected between groups in other parameters.

CONCLUSION

The mutant genotype G1359A is associated with a better cardiovascular profile (weight, BMI, fat mass, waist circumference, insulin, HOMA and c reactive protein) than wild type group.