Miller G Y, Bartlett P C
Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus 43210.
J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1991 Jan 15;198(2):227-31.
For efficient disease management in dairy production, the influence of disease prevention strategies on farm profitability must be known. A survey of mastitis control practices, milking machine function and maintenance, and cow environmental conditions was conducted with 406 dairy producers on the Michigan Dairy Herd Improvement-somatic cell counting program responding. These survey data, in conjunction with Dairy Herd Improvement production data, were used to develop a model estimating the marginal value products of mastitis control practices. Lost milk production associated with increased somatic cell count was calculated for each herd. Mastitis control practices, milking machine function and maintenance, and cow environmental conditions were used as independent variables in an analysis of covariance model with lost milk production as the dependent variable. Variables significant in explaining changes in production from increased somatic cell count were the use of teat dip, use of sanitizer in the wash water, milking cow bedding, summer nonlactating cow housing, summer calving locations, type of regulator, alternating pulsation, and rolling herd average milk production. The marginal value product (change in revenues received) from the use of iodine, chlorhexidine, and quaternary ammonium-type teat dips were $13.79, $16.09, and $22.17/cow/year, respectively, and these changes were statistically significant. However, sanitizer in the wash water was associated with a decrease in production. Management practices that have previously been shown to be economical and did not appear in the final model included nonlactating cow therapy and single-use paper towels.
为了在奶牛生产中实现高效的疾病管理，必须了解疾病预防策略对农场盈利能力的影响。对406名参与密歇根奶牛群改良体细胞计数项目的奶牛养殖户进行了一项关于乳腺炎控制措施、挤奶机功能与维护以及奶牛环境条件的调查。这些调查数据与奶牛群改良生产数据相结合，用于建立一个模型，以估算乳腺炎控制措施的边际价值产品。计算了每个牛群因体细胞数增加而导致的产奶量损失。在以产奶量损失为因变量的协方差分析模型中，将乳腺炎控制措施、挤奶机功能与维护以及奶牛环境条件作为自变量。在解释因体细胞数增加而导致的生产变化方面具有显著意义的变量包括乳头药浴的使用、冲洗水中消毒剂的使用、奶牛挤奶时的垫料、夏季非泌乳奶牛的圈舍、夏季产犊地点、调节器类型、交替脉动以及滚动牛群平均产奶量。使用碘、洗必泰和季铵型乳头药浴的边际价值产品（所获得收入的变化）分别为每头奶牛每年13.79美元、16.09美元和22.17美元，且这些变化具有统计学意义。然而，冲洗水中的消毒剂与产奶量下降有关。先前已证明具有经济性但未出现在最终模型中的管理措施包括非泌乳奶牛治疗和一次性纸巾。
