Department of Psychology, Florida Atlantic University, 777 Glades Road, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA.
Dev Psychol. 2010 Jan;46(1):66-77. doi: 10.1037/a0015579.
Three experiments investigated perception of audio-visual (A-V) speech synchrony in 4- to 10-month-old infants. Experiments 1 and 2 used a convergent-operations approach by habituating infants to an audiovisually synchronous syllable (Experiment 1) and then testing for detection of increasing degrees of A-V asynchrony (366, 500, and 666 ms) or by habituating infants to a detectably asynchronous syllable (666 ms; Experiment 2) and then testing for detection of decreasing degrees of asynchrony (500, 366, and 0 ms). Following habituation to the synchronous syllable, infants detected only the largest A-V asynchrony (0 ms vs. 666 ms), whereas following habituation to the asynchronous syllable, infants detected the largest asynchrony (666 ms vs. 0 ms) as well as a smaller one (666 ms vs. 366 ms). Experiment 3 investigated the underlying mechanism of A-V asynchrony detection and indicated that responsiveness was based on a sensitivity to stimulus-energy onsets rather than the dynamic correlation between acoustic and visible utterance attributes. These findings demonstrated that infant perception of A-V speech synchrony is subject to the effects of short-term experience and that it is driven by a low-level, domain-general mechanism.
三项实验研究了 4 至 10 个月大的婴儿对视听（A-V）语音同步的感知。实验 1 和 2 使用了一种趋同操作的方法，让婴儿习惯听一个视听同步的音节（实验 1），然后测试他们对增加的 A-V 时滞（366、500 和 666 毫秒）的检测能力，或者让婴儿习惯听一个可察觉的不同步的音节（666 毫秒；实验 2），然后测试他们对减少的时滞（500、366 和 0 毫秒）的检测能力。在习惯了同步音节后，婴儿只检测到了最大的 A-V 时滞（0 毫秒与 666 毫秒），而在习惯了异步音节后，婴儿不仅检测到了最大的时滞（666 毫秒与 0 毫秒），还检测到了较小的时滞（666 毫秒与 366 毫秒）。实验 3 研究了 A-V 时滞检测的潜在机制，表明婴儿的反应是基于对刺激能量起始的敏感性，而不是对声学和可见发音属性之间的动态相关性的敏感性。这些发现表明，婴儿对 A-V 语音同步的感知受到短期经验的影响，并且是由一种低级的、通用的机制驱动的。
