IFREMER, Laboratoire de Microbiologie, Nantes, France.
J Clin Microbiol. 2010 Mar;48(3):915-20. doi: 10.1128/JCM.01664-09. Epub 2010 Jan 6.
Noroviruses have been recognized to be the predominant agents of nonbacterial gastroenteritis outbreaks in humans, and their transmission via contaminated shellfish consumption has been demonstrated. Norovirus laboratory experiments, volunteer challenge studies, and community gastroenteritis outbreak investigations have identified human genetic susceptibility factors related to histo-blood group antigen expression. Following a banquet in Brittany, France, in February 2008, gastroenteritis cases were linked to oyster consumption. This study identified an association of the norovirus illnesses with histo-blood group expression, and oyster contamination with norovirus was confirmed by qualitative and quantitative analyses. The secretor phenotype was associated with illness, especially for the non-A subgroup. The study showed that, in addition to accidental climatic events that may lead to oyster contamination, illegal shellfish collection and trading are also risk factors associated with outbreaks.
诺如病毒已被确认为人类非细菌性肠胃炎爆发的主要病原体，其通过受污染的贝类食用传播已得到证实。诺如病毒实验室实验、志愿者挑战研究和社区肠胃炎爆发调查已经确定了与组织血型抗原表达相关的人类遗传易感性因素。在 2008 年 2 月法国布列塔尼的一次宴会后，肠胃炎病例与食用牡蛎有关。本研究发现诺如病毒病与组织血型表达有关，牡蛎受诺如病毒污染通过定性和定量分析得到证实。分泌表型与疾病相关，尤其是非-A 亚组。研究表明，除了可能导致牡蛎污染的偶然气候事件外，非法贝类采集和交易也是与爆发相关的风险因素。
