Departmento de Microbiología y Parasitología, CIBUS-Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
Water Sci Technol. 2010;61(1):15-24. doi: 10.2166/wst.2010.768.
Hepatitis A virus (HAV) represents a significant public health problem due to its high persistence in the environment and its transmission through contaminated water and food. Bivalve shellfish are filter feeders that can bioaccumulate human pathogens found in contaminated waters, their consumption being a potential cause of hepatitis A outbreaks. In this work, cultured and wild bivalve shellfish from the Ría de Vigo (Galicia, NW Spain) were analysed for the presence and genotyping of HAV. A total of 160 shellfish samples were collected between March 2004 and December 2006, including 68 samples from cultured mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis), 30 from wild clams (Rupitapes decussatus), 31 from wild cockles (Cerastoderma edule) and 31 from wild mussel. HAV detection, carried out by quantitative RT-PCR, was positive for 29 (42.6%) cultured and 40 (43.5%) wild samples, with levels ranging from 3.1 x 10(2) and 1.4 x 10(10) RNA copies/g of shellfish digestive tissue. The phylogenetic analysis of VP1-P2A and VP3-VP1 regions, separately or as concatenated sequences, revealed that all HAV strains analysed belong to subgenotype IB. These results indicate a high prevalence of this subgenotype in the area studied.
甲型肝炎病毒 (HAV) 是一个严重的公共卫生问题，因为它在环境中具有高度的持久性，并且可以通过受污染的水和食物传播。双壳贝类是滤食性动物，可以生物积累受污染水域中的人类病原体，因此它们的消费可能是甲型肝炎爆发的潜在原因。在这项工作中，对来自维戈里亚（西班牙西北部加利西亚）的养殖和野生双壳贝类进行了 HAV 的存在和基因分型分析。在 2004 年 3 月至 2006 年 12 月期间共采集了 160 个贝类样本，包括 68 个养殖贻贝（Mytilus galloprovincialis）样本、30 个野生蛤（Rupitapes decussatus）样本、31 个野生贻贝（Cerastoderma edule）样本和 31 个野生贻贝样本。通过定量 RT-PCR 检测到 29 个（42.6%）养殖和 40 个（43.5%）野生样本为阳性，贝类消化组织中的病毒载量范围为 3.1 x 10(2) 和 1.4 x 10(10) RNA 拷贝/g。对 VP1-P2A 和 VP3-VP1 区的单独或串联序列进行的系统发育分析表明，分析的所有 HAV 株均属于亚基因组 IB。这些结果表明，在研究区域内该亚基因组的流行率很高。
