Faculty of Medicine, University of Latvia, Riga LV-1001, Latvia.
Stem Cell Rev Rep. 2009 Dec;5(4):378-86. doi: 10.1007/s12015-009-9094-9.
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been isolated from a variety of human tissues, e.g., bone marrow, adipose tissue, dermis, hair follicles, heart, liver, spleen, dental pulp. Due to their immunomodulatory and regenerative potential MSCs have shown promising results in preclinical and clinical studies for a variety of conditions, such as graft versus host disease (GvHD), Crohn's disease, osteogenesis imperfecta, cartilage damage and myocardial infarction. MSC cultures are composed of heterogeneous cell populations. Complications in defining MSC arise from the fact that different laboratories have employed different tissue sources, extraction, and cultivation methods. Although cell-surface antigens of MSCs have been extensively explored, there is no conclusive evidence that unique stem cells markers are associated with these adult cells. Therefore the aim of this study was to examine expression of embryonic stem cell markers Oct4, Nanog, SOX2, alkaline phosphatase and SSEA-4 in adult mesenchymal stem cell populations derived from bone marrow, adipose tissue, dermis and heart. Furthermore, we tested whether human mesenchymal stem cells preserve tissue-specific differences under in vitro culture conditions. We found that bone marrow MSCs express embryonic stem cell markers Oct4, Nanog, alkaline phosphatase and SSEA-4, adipose tissue and dermis MSCs express Oct4, Nanog, SOX2, alkaline phosphatase and SSEA-4, whereas heart MSCs express Oct4, Nanog, SOX2 and SSEA-4. Our results also indicate that human adult mesenchymal stem cells preserve tissue-specific differences under in vitro culture conditions during early passages, as shown by distinct germ layer and embryonic stem cell marker expression patterns. Studies are now needed to determine the functional role of embryonic stem cell markers Oct4, Nanog and SOX2 in adult human MSCs.
间充质干细胞（MSCs）已从多种人体组织中分离出来，例如骨髓、脂肪组织、真皮、毛囊、心脏、肝脏、脾脏、牙髓。由于其免疫调节和再生潜力，MSC 在同种异体移植物抗宿主病（GvHD）、克罗恩病、成骨不全症、软骨损伤和心肌梗死等多种疾病的临床前和临床研究中显示出良好的效果。MSC 培养物由异质细胞群体组成。由于不同实验室采用了不同的组织来源、提取和培养方法，因此在定义 MSC 时出现了并发症。尽管已经广泛研究了 MSC 的细胞表面抗原，但没有确凿的证据表明与这些成体细胞相关的独特干细胞标记物。因此，本研究旨在检查源自骨髓、脂肪组织、真皮和心脏的成体间充质干细胞群体中胚胎干细胞标记物 Oct4、Nanog、SOX2、碱性磷酸酶和 SSEA-4 的表达。此外，我们还测试了人类间充质干细胞在体外培养条件下是否保留组织特异性差异。我们发现骨髓 MSC 表达胚胎干细胞标记物 Oct4、Nanog、碱性磷酸酶和 SSEA-4，脂肪组织和真皮 MSC 表达 Oct4、Nanog、SOX2、碱性磷酸酶和 SSEA-4，而心脏 MSC 表达 Oct4、Nanog、SOX2 和 SSEA-4。我们的结果还表明，在早期传代时，人类成体间充质干细胞在体外培养条件下保留组织特异性差异，表现为不同的胚层和胚胎干细胞标记物表达模式。目前需要研究确定胚胎干细胞标记物 Oct4、Nanog 和 SOX2 在成人人类 MSC 中的功能作用。
