美国育龄期孕妇和非孕妇的维生素 D 不足。
Vitamin D insufficiency in pregnant and nonpregnant women of childbearing age in the United States.
机构信息
Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Colorado, Denver, School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
出版信息
Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2010 May;202(5):436.e1-8. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2009.11.036. Epub 2010 Jan 12.
OBJECTIVE
We evaluated vitamin D insufficiency in a nationally representative sample of women and assessed the role of vitamin supplementation.
STUDY DESIGN
We conducted secondary analysis of 928 pregnant and 5173 nonpregnant women aged 13-44 years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2001-2006.
RESULTS
The mean 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) level was 65 nmol/L for pregnant women and 59 nmol/L for nonpregnant women. The prevalence of 25(OH)D<75 nmol/L was 69% and 78%, respectively. Pregnant women in the first trimester had similar 25(OH)D levels as nonpregnant women (55 vs 59 nmol/L), despite a higher proportion taking vitamin D supplementation (61% vs 32%). However, first-trimester women had lower 25(OH)D levels than third-trimester women (80 nmol/L), likely from shorter duration of supplement use.
CONCLUSION
Adolescent and adult women of childbearing age have a high prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency. Current prenatal multivitamins (400 IU vitamin D) helped to raise serum 25(OH)D levels, but higher doses and longer duration may be required.
目的
我们评估了全国代表性的孕妇样本中的维生素 D 不足情况，并评估了维生素补充的作用。
研究设计
我们对 2001-2006 年全国健康和营养调查中的 928 名孕妇和 5173 名非孕妇（年龄 13-44 岁）进行了二次分析。
结果
孕妇的平均 25-羟维生素 D（25[OH]D）水平为 65nmol/L，非孕妇为 59nmol/L。25（OH）D<75nmol/L 的患病率分别为 69%和 78%。尽管服用维生素 D 补充剂的比例较高（61%对 32%），但处于孕早期的孕妇与非孕妇的 25（OH）D 水平相似（55 对 59nmol/L）。然而，与孕晚期妇女（80nmol/L）相比，孕早期妇女的 25（OH）D 水平较低，这可能是由于补充剂使用时间较短。
结论
处于生育年龄的青少年和成年女性普遍存在维生素 D 不足的情况。目前的产前多种维生素（400IU 维生素 D）有助于提高血清 25（OH）D 水平，但可能需要更高的剂量和更长的时间。
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