Martin G B, Williams J G, Tanksley S D
Department of Plant Breeding, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Mar 15;88(6):2336-40. doi: 10.1073/pnas.88.6.2336.
An approach to isolating DNA sequences that are linked to important plant genes is described. The strategy is based upon a recent modification of the polymerase chain reaction in which synthetic primers are used to amplify random sequences from genomic DNA. This technique, used in conjunction with near-isogenic lines (which differ only by the presence or absence of the target gene and a small region of surrounding DNA), leads to the rapid identification of sequences linked to the gene of interest. The feasibility of this method has been demonstrated by analyzing a pair of tomato near-isogenic lines that differ for a region on chromosome 5 that contains a gene (Pto) conferring resistance to Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato. One hundred forty-four random primers were screened on these lines, and seven amplified products were identified that were present in one but not the other line. Of four products that were further investigated, three were confirmed by segregation analysis to be tightly linked to the Pto gene. Linked sequences identified by this method are useful for detecting the presence of the target gene in plant populations (e.g., in plant breeding) and, if very tightly linked, as starting points for a chromosome walk to isolate the gene. Since near-isogenic lines are a typical product of plant breeding and classical genetic studies, this method is applicable to a wide variety of species.
本文描述了一种分离与重要植物基因相关的DNA序列的方法。该策略基于对聚合酶链反应的一种最新改进,即使用合成引物从基因组DNA中扩增随机序列。这项技术与近等基因系(仅在目标基因及周围一小段DNA的有无上存在差异)相结合,能够快速鉴定出与感兴趣基因相关的序列。通过分析一对番茄近等基因系,证明了该方法的可行性,这对近等基因系在5号染色体上的一个区域存在差异,该区域包含一个赋予对番茄丁香假单胞菌抗性的基因(Pto)。在这些品系上筛选了144种随机引物,鉴定出7种扩增产物,其中一种品系有这些产物而另一种品系没有。在进一步研究的4种产物中,通过分离分析证实有3种与Pto基因紧密连锁。通过这种方法鉴定出的连锁序列可用于检测植物群体中目标基因的存在(例如在植物育种中),如果连锁非常紧密,还可作为染色体步移分离该基因的起点。由于近等基因系是植物育种和经典遗传学研究的典型产物,因此该方法适用于多种物种。