Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X5, Canada.
Cell. 2009 Dec 24;139(7):1229-41. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2009.12.008.
Genetic information flows from DNA to macromolecular structures-the dominant force in the molecular organization of life. However, recent work suggests that metabolite availability to the hexosamine and Golgi N-glycosylation pathways exerts control over the assembly of macromolecular complexes on the cell surface and, in this capacity, acts upstream of signaling and gene expression. The structure and number of N-glycans per protein molecule cooperate to regulate lectin binding and thereby the distribution of glycoproteins at the cell surface. Congenital disorders of glycosylation provide insight as extreme hypomorphisms, whereas milder deficiencies may encompass many common chronic conditions, including autoimmunity, metabolic syndrome, and aging.
遗传信息从 DNA 流向大分子结构——这是生命分子组织中的主要力量。然而，最近的研究表明，己糖胺和高尔基体 N-糖基化途径的代谢物可用性对细胞表面大分子复合物的组装施加了控制，并且在这种能力上，它作用于信号转导和基因表达的上游。每个蛋白质分子的 N-聚糖的结构和数量共同调节凝集素的结合，从而调节糖蛋白在细胞表面的分布。糖基化先天性代谢异常提供了极端低聚物的见解，而较温和的缺乏可能包括许多常见的慢性疾病，包括自身免疫、代谢综合征和衰老。
