Wang Jiabo, Ma Yonggang, Jin Cheng, Zhang Ping, Xiao Xiaohe, Zhao Yanling, Xing Xiaoyan, Ren Yongshen
China Military Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, 302 Military Hospital, Beijing 100039, China.
Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 2009 Oct;34(19):2498-502.
To study the toxicity-attenuating effect and the dose-toxicity relationship of rhubarb by processing based on correspondence.
The effects of different processed materials of rhubarb on the hepatic and renal functions of mice was researched in a way of parallel comparison, as well as the chemical alteration induced by processing was observed. Correspondence analysis, a kind of multivariate statistical analysis, was performed to explore the dose-toxicity relationship of processed materials of rhubarb.
No obvious toxic effect was found in mice after single intragastric administration of crude drug of rhubarb at dosage of 76 g x kg(-1), while some lesions to liver and kidney tissues were observed in mice after repeated administration of rhubarb and its processed materials for 14 days at the same dosage. In the correspondence analysis diagram, it could be deduced that there was definite dose-toxicity relationship of processed rhubarb as the distance between trial groups and control group increased along with the dosage and the toxicity. The distance of the processed rhubarb showed as the following consequence: crude drug of rhubarb > vinegar-processed rhubarb > alcohol-processed rhubarb > steamed rhubarb > carbonized rhubarb > Qingning pian. Theerefoer, the toxicity of processed rhubarb was much lower than that of crude drug and the extent of toxicity attenuation was related to the processing intensity. Meanwhile, the toxicity-attenuating effect of processed rhubarb was related to the decline of the contents of both anthraquinone glycosides and tannins, and the former was contributed remarkably to toxicity.
The toxicity-attenuating effect of processed rhubarb was verified in this study and the toxicity of steamed rhubarb attenuated notably while the pharmacological substances degraded little. The correspondence analysis would be useful to assess the pharmacological and toxic effects with multiple indexes of traditional Chinese medicines.
研究基于配伍的炮制对大黄减毒作用及量毒关系的影响。
采用平行对照法研究大黄不同炮制品对小鼠肝肾功能的影响，并观察炮制引起的化学变化。运用多元统计分析方法——对应分析，探讨大黄炮制品的量毒关系。
大黄生药以76 g·kg⁻¹剂量单次灌胃给药后，小鼠未见明显毒性反应；而以相同剂量连续灌胃给药14天，大黄及其炮制品均导致小鼠肝、肾组织出现一定损伤。在对应分析图中，随着剂量和毒性增加，试验组与对照组之间的距离增大，由此推断大黄炮制品存在明确的量毒关系。大黄炮制品的距离表现为：大黄生药＞醋大黄＞酒大黄＞蒸大黄＞大黄炭＞清宁片。因此，大黄炮制品的毒性远低于生药，减毒程度与炮制强度有关。同时，大黄炮制品的减毒作用与蒽醌苷和鞣质含量的降低有关，其中蒽醌苷对毒性的贡献更为显著。
本研究验证了大黄炮制品的减毒作用，蒸大黄毒性显著降低，而药理成分降解较少。对应分析有助于用多指标评价中药的药理和毒理作用。
