Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany.
Clin Oral Implants Res. 2010 Mar;21(3):336-45. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2009.01830.x. Epub 2010 Jan 13.
Platelet-derived cytokines play a crucial role in tissue regeneration. In regenerative dental medicine, bone substitute materials (BSM) are widely used. However, initial interactions of BSM and platelets are still unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential of platelet activation and subsequent initial cytokine release by different commercial alloplastic BSM.
Eight commercial BSM of different origins and chemical compositions (tricalcium phosphate, hydroxyapatite, bioactive glass: SiO(2) and mixtures) were incubated with a platelet concentrate (platelet-rich plasma, PRP) of three healthy volunteers at room temperature for 15 min. Platelet count, aggregation, degranulation (activated surface receptor CD62p) and cytokine release (Platelet-derived growth factor, Vascular endothelial growth factor) into the supernatant were quantified. Highly thrombogenic collagen served as a reference.
The investigated PRP samples revealed different activation patterns when incubated with different BSM. In general, SiO(2)-containing BSM resulted in high platelet activation and cytokine release. In detail, pure bioactive glass promoted platelet activation most significantly, followed by hybrid BSM containing lower ratios of SiO(2). Additionally, we found indications of cytokine retention by BSM of large specific surfaces.
Platelet activation as well as consecutive storage and slow release of platelet-derived cytokines are desirable attributes of modern BSM. Within the limits of the study, SiO(2)-containing BSM were identified as promising biomaterials. Further investigations on cytokine adsorption and cytokine release kinetics by the respective BSM have to be conducted.
血小板衍生细胞因子在组织再生中起着至关重要的作用。在再生牙科医学中，广泛使用骨替代材料（BSM）。然而，BSM 与血小板的初始相互作用仍不清楚。本研究旨在评估不同商业全合成 BSM 对血小板激活及随后初始细胞因子释放的潜力。
将八种不同来源和化学成分的商业 BSM（磷酸三钙、羟基磷灰石、生物活性玻璃：SiO₂和混合物）与来自三名健康志愿者的血小板浓缩物（富含血小板的血浆，PRP）在室温下孵育 15 分钟。定量检测血小板计数、聚集、脱颗粒（激活表面受体 CD62p）和细胞因子释放（血小板衍生生长因子、血管内皮生长因子）到上清液中。高血栓形成性胶原作为参考。
研究的 PRP 样本在与不同 BSM 孵育时表现出不同的激活模式。一般来说，含 SiO₂的 BSM 导致血小板高度激活和细胞因子释放。具体而言，纯生物活性玻璃最显著地促进了血小板的激活，其次是含有较低 SiO₂比例的混合 BSM。此外，我们发现大比表面积的 BSM 具有细胞因子保留的迹象。
血小板激活以及随后的血小板衍生细胞因子储存和缓慢释放是现代 BSM 的理想特性。在研究范围内，含 SiO₂的 BSM 被确定为有前途的生物材料。需要进一步研究各 BSM 的细胞因子吸附和细胞因子释放动力学。
