Office of Population Research, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA.
Am J Public Health. 2010 Mar;100(3):435-45. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2009.159723. Epub 2010 Jan 14.
Most HIV prevention literature portrays women as especially vulnerable to HIV infection because of biological susceptibility and men's sexual power and privilege. Conversely, heterosexual men are perceived as active transmitters of HIV but not active agents in prevention. Although the women's vulnerability paradigm was a radical revision of earlier views of women in the epidemic, mounting challenges undermine its current usefulness. We review the etiology and successes of the paradigm as well as its accruing limitations. We also call for an expanded model that acknowledges biology, gender inequality, and gendered power relations but also directly examines social structure, gender, and HIV risk for heterosexual women and men.
大多数艾滋病毒预防文献都将女性描述为特别容易受到艾滋病毒感染，因为她们在生物学上易感染，而男性则拥有性权力和特权。相反，异性恋男性被认为是艾滋病毒的积极传播者，但不是预防的积极因素。尽管女性易感染的模式是对该疾病早期女性观点的重大修正，但不断出现的挑战削弱了其目前的实用性。我们回顾了该模式的病因和成功，以及其不断积累的局限性。我们还呼吁采用一种扩展的模式，承认生物学、性别不平等和性别权力关系，但也要直接研究社会结构、性别以及异性恋男女的艾滋病毒风险。
