Hill Elizabeth E, Nguyen Tam H, Shaha Maya, Wenzel Jennifer A, DeForge Bruce R, Spellbring Ann Marie
Res Gerontol Nurs. 2009 Oct;2(4):287-96. doi: 10.3928/19404921-20090527-02. Epub 2009 Oct 27.
Although approximately 50% of nursing home residents fall annually, the surrounding circumstances remain inadequately understood. This study explored nursing staff perspectives of person, environment, and interactive circumstances surrounding nursing home falls. Focus groups were conducted at two nursing homes in the mid-Atlantic region with the highest and lowest fall rates among corporate facilities. Two focus groups were conducted per facility: one with licensed nurses and one with geriatric nursing assistants. Thematic and content analysis revealed three themes and 11 categories. Three categories under the Person theme were Change in Residents' Health Status, Decline in Residents' Abilities, and Residents' Behaviors and Personality Characteristics. There were five Nursing Home Environment categories: Design Safety, Limited Space, Obstacles, Equipment Misuse and Malfunction, and Staff and Organization of Care. Three Interactions Leading to Falls categories were identified: Reasons for Falls, Time of Falls, and High-Risk Activities. Findings highlight interactions between person and environment factors as significant contributors to resident falls.
尽管每年约有50%的养老院居民会跌倒，但对其周围情况仍了解不足。本研究探讨了护理人员对养老院跌倒事件中人员、环境及互动情况的看法。在大西洋中部地区公司旗下跌倒率最高和最低的两家养老院开展了焦点小组访谈。每家养老院进行了两组焦点小组访谈：一组由执业护士参与，另一组由老年护理助理参与。主题和内容分析揭示了三个主题和11个类别。“人员”主题下的三个类别为居民健康状况变化、居民能力下降以及居民行为和个性特征。养老院环境类别有五个：设计安全性、空间有限、障碍物、设备误用与故障以及护理人员与护理组织。确定了导致跌倒的三个互动类别：跌倒原因、跌倒时间以及高风险活动。研究结果强调，人员和环境因素之间的相互作用是导致居民跌倒的重要因素。
