School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, PR China.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2010 Mar 24;128(2):405-11. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2010.01.037. Epub 2010 Jan 18.
Saussurea involucrata (Kar. et Kir.) Sch.-Bip. (Compositae) has long been used under the herbal name "Snow Lotus" for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, stomachache and dysmenorrhea in Uighur folk medicine. In traditional Tibetan medicine, Saussurea laniceps Hand.-Mazz. and Saussurea medusa Maxim. have also been used under the name "Snow Lotus" and prescribed for the treatment of pain and inflammatory conditions.
The present study evaluated the pharmacological effects of three species of "Snow Lotus" in experimental inflammation and pain models, and determined the chemical compounds that may correlate with their pharmacological activities.
The anti-inflammatory activities of the three herbs were observed by using carrageenan-induced paw edema in rats and xylene-induced ear edema in mice. Investigations on the analgesic effects were conducted, including acetic acid-induced writhing and hot-plate test. An UPLC-MS method was developed to analyze the chemical composition of the three herbs and of plasma samples after herb administration.
In rat paw edema model, the peak inhibitory effects of Saussurea laniceps and Saussurea involucrata (55.1% and 42.2%, respectively) were recorded with the dose of 400mg/kg at 3h post-carrageenan injection. In mouse ear edema model, oral administration of Saussurea laniceps, Saussurea involucrata and Saussurea medusa extract (400mg/kg) resulted in a significant inhibition of ear edema by 40.9%, 33.3%, and 9.1%, respectively. In the writhing test, oral administration of Saussurea laniceps extract (100, 200 and 400mg/kg) resulted in a significant inhibition of writhings by 13.5%, 22.3%, and 43.5%, respectively. In the hot-plate test, Saussurea laniceps extract significantly increased the latency of jumping response by 38.2% and 52.7% when treated orally at 200 and 400mg/kg in mice, respectively. Flavonoids, coumarins and lignins were found to be present in plasma after administration of the extracts and may be the basis of the observed pharmacological effects.
The results clearly demonstrated that Saussurea laniceps was most effective; Saussurea involucrata exhibited a moderate potency, whereas Saussurea medusa possessed little effect against the experimental edema and pains. This study also supported discrimination among the three herbs when using them in folk medicine.
雪莲（菊科）长期以来一直被维吾尔族民间医学用作草药“雪莲”的名称，用于治疗类风湿性关节炎、胃痛和痛经。在传统藏药中，水母雪莲和软梗雪莲也被称为“雪莲”，用于治疗疼痛和炎症。
本研究评价了三种“雪莲”在实验性炎症和疼痛模型中的药理作用，并确定了可能与其药理活性相关的化合物。
采用角叉菜胶诱导的大鼠足肿胀和二甲苯诱导的小鼠耳肿胀模型观察三种草药的抗炎活性。进行了醋酸诱导扭体和热板试验的镇痛作用研究。采用 UPLC-MS 方法分析三种草药及其给药后血浆样品的化学成分。
在大鼠足肿胀模型中，水母雪莲和雪莲的最大抑制作用分别为 55.1%和 42.2%，剂量为 400mg/kg，在角叉菜胶注射后 3 小时。在小鼠耳肿胀模型中，口服水母雪莲、雪莲和软梗雪莲提取物（400mg/kg）分别抑制耳肿胀 40.9%、33.3%和 9.1%。在扭体试验中，口服水母雪莲提取物（100、200 和 400mg/kg）分别抑制扭体 13.5%、22.3%和 43.5%。在热板试验中，口服 200 和 400mg/kg 水母雪莲提取物可分别显著提高小鼠跳跃反应的潜伏期 38.2%和 52.7%。给药后在血浆中发现黄酮类、香豆素类和木脂素类，可能是观察到的药理作用的基础。
结果清楚地表明，水母雪莲最为有效；雪莲表现出中等效力，而软梗雪莲对实验性水肿和疼痛几乎没有作用。本研究还支持在民间医学中使用这三种草药时进行区分。
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