Department of Biology, Swarthmore College, Swarthmore, PA 19081, USA.
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2010 Feb 27;365(1540):671-8. doi: 10.1098/rstb.2009.0245.
Evolutionary developmental biology is based on the principle that evolution arises from hereditable changes in development. Most of this new work has centred on changes in the regulatory components of the genome. However, recent studies (many of them documented in this volume) have shown that development also includes interactions between the organism and its environment. One area of interest concerns the importance of symbionts for the production of the normal range of phenotypes. Many, if not most, organisms have 'outsourced' some of their developmental signals to a set of symbionts that are expected to be acquired during development. Such intimate interactions between species are referred to as codevelopment, the production of a new individual through the coordinated interactions of several genotypically different species. Within the past 2 years, several research programmes have demonstrated that such codevelopmental schemes can be selected. We will focus on symbioses in coral reef cnidarians symbiosis, pea aphids and cactuses, wherein the symbiotic system provides thermotolerance for the composite organism.
进化源于发育过程中可遗传的变化。这项新工作的大部分都集中在基因组调控成分的变化上。然而，最近的研究（其中许多在本卷中有所记载）表明，发育还包括生物与环境之间的相互作用。一个感兴趣的领域涉及共生体对于产生正常表型范围的重要性。如果不是大多数，那么许多生物体已经将它们的一些发育信号“外包”给了一组共生体，这些共生体预计是在发育过程中获得的。物种之间这种密切的相互作用被称为共发育，即通过几种基因型不同的物种的协调相互作用产生一个新的个体。在过去的 2 年中，几个研究项目已经证明可以选择这种共发育方案。我们将重点介绍珊瑚礁刺胞动物共生、豌豆蚜和仙人掌中的共生关系，其中共生系统为复合生物提供了耐热性。
