Samelius Lotta, Wijma Barbro, Wingren Gun, Wijma Klaas
Unit of Health Psychology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Linköping University, S-581 83 Linköping, Sweden.
Nord J Psychiatry. 2010 Aug;64(4):227-32. doi: 10.3109/08039480903478680.
In a representative Swedish sample, we investigated lifetime prevalence of physical, sexual and psychological abuse of women and their current suffering. The relationship between current suffering from abuse and psychological health problems was also studied.
The study was cross-sectional and population-based. The Abuse Screening Inventory (ASI), measuring experiences of physical, sexual and psychological abuse and including questions on health and social situation, was sent by mail to 6000 women, randomly selected from the population register. The questionnaire was completed and returned by 4150 (70%) of 5896 eligible women.
27.5% of the women reported abuse of any kind. Of those, 69.5% reported current suffering from abuse. Abused suffering women reported more anxiety, depression and sleep disturbances, and a less advantageous social situation than both non-abused and abused non-suffering women. Also, abused non-suffering women reported more depression than non-abused women. Somatization was reported more often by both abused suffering and non-suffering women than by non-abused women, with no difference between suffering and non-suffering women when adjusted for possible confounders.
A majority of abused women, when investigating lifetime history of abuse, report current suffering thereof, which warrants considering abuse an important societal problem. Suffering could be a valuable construct, possibly useful to assess psychological health problems normally not captured by existing diagnostic instruments, although further investigations of the concept are needed.
在一个具有代表性的瑞典样本中，我们调查了女性遭受身体、性和心理虐待的终生患病率及其当前的痛苦状况。同时还研究了当前遭受虐待与心理健康问题之间的关系。
该研究为横断面研究且基于人群。我们通过邮件向从人口登记册中随机选取的6000名女性发送了虐待筛查量表（ASI），该量表用于测量身体、性和心理虐待经历，并包含有关健康和社会状况的问题。5896名符合条件的女性中有4150名（70%）完成并返回了问卷。
27.5%的女性报告曾遭受过任何形式的虐待。其中，69.5%的女性报告当前仍在遭受虐待的痛苦。与未受虐待的女性以及虽受虐待但未感到痛苦的女性相比，正在遭受虐待痛苦的女性报告了更多的焦虑、抑郁和睡眠障碍，且社会状况更不利。此外，虽受虐待但未感到痛苦的女性比未受虐待的女性报告了更多的抑郁。与未受虐待的女性相比，正在遭受虐待痛苦的女性和虽受虐待但未感到痛苦的女性都更常报告躯体化症状，在对可能的混杂因素进行调整后，正在遭受虐待痛苦的女性和虽受虐待但未感到痛苦的女性之间没有差异。
在调查虐待的终生史时，大多数受虐待女性报告当前仍在遭受其痛苦，这使得有必要将虐待视为一个重要的社会问题。痛苦可能是一个有价值的概念，可能有助于评估现有诊断工具通常无法捕捉到的心理健康问题，尽管需要对该概念进行进一步研究。
