Mancia G, Cléroux J, Daffonchio A, Ferrari A U, Giannattasio C, Grassi G
Cattedra di Semeiotica Media, Università di Milano, CNR, Italy.
Cardiovasc Drugs Ther. 1991 Jan;4 Suppl 6:1223-8. doi: 10.1007/BF00114224.
Baroreceptor control of heart rate is markedly reduced in elderly subjects. However, the effects of aging on baroreceptor control of blood pressure and on the vascular and neurohumoral influences of volume cardiopulmonary receptors are unknown. In this paper we report evidence that in both conscious rats and humans aging is associated with a fall in the baroreceptor ability to rapidly cause blood pressure changes, but that the more long-term carotid baroreceptor control of blood pressure remains similar to that observed in younger individuals. Early and late cardiopulmonary receptor modulation of vascular resistance is impaired by aging, which also reduces the influence of this reflex on renin secretion. These dynamic and steady-state alterations in reflex cardiovascular control account for several hemodynamic abnormalities of the advanced age.
老年受试者的压力感受器对心率的控制明显减弱。然而，衰老对压力感受器对血压的控制以及对容量心肺感受器的血管和神经体液影响的作用尚不清楚。在本文中，我们报告了以下证据：在清醒的大鼠和人类中，衰老均与压力感受器快速引起血压变化的能力下降有关，但压力感受器对血压的更长期颈动脉控制仍与年轻个体中观察到的情况相似。衰老会损害心肺感受器对血管阻力的早期和晚期调节，这也会降低这种反射对肾素分泌的影响。反射性心血管控制的这些动态和稳态改变解释了高龄时的几种血流动力学异常情况。
