UCT/MRC Research Unit for Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town, 7700 South Africa.
Metabolism. 2010 Sep;59(9):1341-50. doi: 10.1016/j.metabol.2009.12.018. Epub 2010 Jan 22.
The objective of the study was to characterize ethnic differences in lipid levels and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particle size and subclasses in black and white South African women and to explore the associations with insulin sensitivity (S(I)), body composition, and lifestyle factors. Fasting serum lipids and LDL size and subclasses, body composition (dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry), and S(I) (frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test) were measured in normal-weight (body mass index <25 kg/m(2)) black (n = 15) and white (n = 15), and obese (body mass index >30 kg/m(2)) black (n = 13) and white (n = 13) women. Normal-weight and obese black women had lower triglycerides (0.59 +/- 0.09 and 0.77 +/- 0.10 vs 0.89 +/- 0.09 and 0.93 +/- 0.10 mmol/L, P < .05) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (1.2 +/- 0.1 and 1.1 +/- 0.1 vs 1.7 +/- 0.1 and 1.6 +/- 0.3 mmol/L, P < .01) than white women. The LDL particle size was not different, but obese black women had more LDL subclass IV (17.3% +/- 1.0% vs 12.5% +/- 1.0%, P < .01). In white women, triglycerides and LDL particle size correlated with S(I) (P < .01), whereas cholesterol levels correlated with body fat (P < .05). Low socioeconomic status, low dietary protein intake, and injectable contraceptive use were the major determinants of unfavorable lipid profiles in black women. Black women had lower triglyceride and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and more small dense LDL particles than white women. The major determinants of serum lipids in black women were socioeconomic status and lifestyle factors, whereas in white women, S(I) and body composition most closely correlated with serum lipids.
本研究旨在描述南非黑人和白人女性的血脂水平和低密度脂蛋白（LDL）颗粒大小和亚类的种族差异，并探讨其与胰岛素敏感性（S（I））、身体成分和生活方式因素的相关性。在正常体重（体重指数<25kg/m(2)）的黑人（n=15）和白人（n=15）以及肥胖（体重指数>30kg/m(2)）的黑人（n=13）和白人（n=13）女性中，测量了空腹血清脂质和 LDL 大小和亚类、身体成分（双能 X 射线吸收法）和 S（I）（频繁采样静脉葡萄糖耐量试验）。与白人女性相比，正常体重和肥胖的黑人女性的甘油三酯（0.59±0.09 和 0.77±0.10 与 0.89±0.09 和 0.93±0.10mmol/L，P<.05）和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（1.2±0.1 和 1.1±0.1 与 1.7±0.1 和 1.6±0.3mmol/L，P<.01）水平较低。LDL 颗粒大小没有差异，但肥胖的黑人女性 LDL 亚类 IV 较多（17.3%±1.0%与 12.5%±1.0%，P<.01）。在白人女性中，甘油三酯和 LDL 颗粒大小与 S（I）相关（P<.01），而胆固醇水平与体脂相关（P<.05）。低社会经济地位、低膳食蛋白质摄入和注射避孕是黑人女性不良血脂谱的主要决定因素。黑人女性的甘油三酯和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平较低，小而密 LDL 颗粒较多。黑人女性的血清脂质主要受社会经济地位和生活方式因素的影响，而白人女性的 S（I）和身体成分与血清脂质的相关性最强。
