Coker-Appiah Dionne Smith, Akers Aletha Y, Banks Bahby, Albritton Tashuna, Leniek Karyn, Wynn Mysha, Youmans Selena E, Parker Donald, Ellison Arlinda, Henderson Stacey, Stith Doris, Council Barbara, Oxendine-Pitt Patricia, Corbie-Smith Giselle
Department of Psychiatry, Georgetown University School of Medicine, USA.
Prog Community Health Partnersh. 2009 Winter;3(4):301-12. doi: 10.1353/cpr.0.0093.
The HIV epidemic is a major public health problem in the United States, particularly among rural African American adolescents and young adults.
We sought to explore young, rural African American's perspectives about key programmatic components to consider when designing youth-targeted, community- based HIV prevention interventions.
We report data from four focus groups with adolescents and young adults aged 16 to 24 (n = 38) conducted as part of a community-based participatory research (CBPR) project designed to develop multilevel HIV risk reduction interventions in two rural North Carolina communities with high HIV rates. Analysis was performed by academic and community partners using a modified grounded theory approach to content analysis.
Interventions should target preadolescents and early adolescents rather than older adolescents and young adults in an effort to "catch them while they're young." Intervention developers should obtain input from local young people regarding critical programmatic components, such as whom to employ as study recruiters and intervention leaders; intervention format and delivery options, acceptable recruitment and intervention locations, and incentive structures. Participants believe selecting community collaborators representing varied community sectors is critical. Important barriers to address included limited transportation, discomfort communicating about sexual issues, lack of community interest in HIV prevention, and unwillingness to acknowledge and address sexual activity among adolescents.
When designing HIV/AIDS prevention interventions, targeting young people, it is important to form academic-community partnerships that ensure young people's perspectives are integral to the intervention development process.
在美国，艾滋病病毒（HIV）流行是一个重大的公共卫生问题，在农村非裔美国青少年和青年中尤为突出。
我们试图探讨农村非裔美国年轻人对于在设计针对青年的、基于社区的HIV预防干预措施时需考虑的关键项目组成部分的看法。
我们报告了来自四个焦点小组的数据，这些焦点小组由16至24岁的青少年和青年（n = 38）组成，是一个基于社区的参与性研究（CBPR）项目的一部分，该项目旨在为北卡罗来纳州两个HIV感染率高的农村社区制定多层次的HIV风险降低干预措施。分析由学术和社区合作伙伴采用改进的扎根理论方法进行内容分析。
干预措施应针对青春期前和青春期早期的青少年，而不是年龄较大的青少年和青年，以便“在他们年轻时就抓住他们”。干预措施开发者应就关键的项目组成部分征求当地年轻人的意见，比如雇佣谁作为研究招募人员和干预措施负责人；干预措施的形式和实施方式、可接受的招募和干预地点以及激励机制。参与者认为选择代表不同社区部门的社区合作伙伴至关重要。需要解决的重要障碍包括交通不便、谈论性问题时感到不适、社区对HIV预防缺乏兴趣，以及不愿承认和处理青少年中的性活动。
在设计针对年轻人的HIV/AIDS预防干预措施时，建立学术 - 社区伙伴关系很重要，这能确保年轻人的观点在干预措施开发过程中不可或缺。
