Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, 109 Greene Hall, Auburn, AL 36849, USA.
J Vet Intern Med. 2010 Mar-Apr;24(2):323-30. doi: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.2009.0468.x.
Antimicrobial resistance is increasing among Escherichia coli isolates associated with spontaneous infection in dogs and cats.
To describe E. coli resistance phenotypes and clonal relatedness and their regional prevalence.
Isolates of E. coli (n = 376) collected from dogs and cats in the United States between May and September 2005.
Isolates submitted from the South, West, Northeast, and Midwest regions of the United States were prospectively studied. Phenotype was based on E-test susceptibility to 7 antimicrobials. Isolates were classified as no (NDR), single (SDR), or multidrug resistance (MDR). Clonal relatedness was determined by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE).
One hundred and ninety-three (51%) isolates expressed resistance to at least 1 drug, yielding 42 phenotypes. SDR isolates (n = 84; 44%, 8 phenotypes), expressed resistance most commonly to amoxicillin (30%, n = 25) and least commonly to cefpodoxime (1%, n = 1). MDR isolates (n = 109; 56%, 31 phenotypes) were resistant to amoxicillin (96%, n = 105), amoxicillin-clavulanate (85%, n = 93), and enrofloxacin (64%, n = 70); 18% (n = 20) were resistant to all drugs tested. The frequency of MDR did not differ regionally (P = .066). MDR minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were 6-fold higher than SDR MICs (P < .0001). Dendrograms of 91 isolates representing 25 phenotypes revealed 62 different PFGE profiles.
E. coli strains spontaneously infecting dogs and cats are genetically and phenotypically diverse. Given the current prevalence of MDR among clinical isolates of E. coli in United States, implementation of a robust surveillance program is warranted.
与犬猫自发性感染相关的大肠杆菌分离株的抗菌药物耐药性正在增加。
描述大肠杆菌的耐药表型和克隆相关性及其地区流行率。
2005 年 5 月至 9 月间从美国的犬和猫中采集的大肠杆菌分离株（n = 376）。
对来自美国南部、西部、东北部和中西部地区的分离株进行前瞻性研究。表型基于 7 种抗菌药物的 E 试验药敏性。分离株被分类为无耐药（NDR）、单耐药（SDR）或多耐药（MDR）。克隆相关性通过脉冲场凝胶电泳（PFGE）确定。
193 株（51%）分离株对至少 1 种药物表现出耐药性，产生了 42 种表型。SDR 分离株（n = 84；44%，8 种表型）最常对阿莫西林（30%，n = 25）耐药，最不常对头孢泊肟（1%，n = 1）耐药。MDR 分离株（n = 109；56%，31 种表型）对阿莫西林（96%，n = 105）、阿莫西林-克拉维酸（85%，n = 93）和恩诺沙星（64%，n = 70）耐药；18%（n = 20）对所有测试药物均耐药。MDR 的频率在各地区之间无差异（P =.066）。MDR 的最小抑菌浓度（MIC）比 SDR 的 MIC 高 6 倍（P <.0001）。代表 25 种表型的 91 株分离株的聚类分析树显示了 62 种不同的 PFGE 图谱。
自发性感染犬猫的大肠杆菌菌株在遗传和表型上具有多样性。鉴于目前美国临床分离株中 MDR 的流行率，有必要实施一项强大的监测计划。
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