Department of Environmental Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland.
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2010 Mar;64(3):313-23. doi: 10.1038/ejcn.2009.147. Epub 2010 Jan 27.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: To assess biomarkers and frequency questions as measures of fish consumption.
SUBJECTS/METHODS: Participants in the Fishermen substudy numbered 125 men and 139 women (aged 22-74), and in the Health 2000 substudy, 577 men and 712 women (aged 45-74) participated. The aim of the Fishermen study was to examine the overall health effect of fish consumption in a high-consumption population, whereas the aim of the Health 2000 substudy was to obtain in-depth information on cardiovascular diseases and diabetes. Fish consumption was measured by the same validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) in both the studies, with a further two separate frequency questions used in the Fishermen substudy. Dioxins, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and methyl mercury (MeHg) (in the Fishermen substudy alone), and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega-3 PUFAs) (in both studies) were analyzed from fasting serum/blood samples.
The Spearman's correlation coefficients between FFQ fish consumption and dioxins, PCBs, MeHg and omega-3 PUFAs were respectively 0.46, 0.48, 0.43 and 0.38 among the Fishermen substudy men, and 0.28, 0.36, 0.45 and 0.31 among women. Similar correlation coefficients were observed between FFQ fish consumption and serum omega-3 PUFAs in the Health 2000 substudy, and also between FFQ fish consumption and the frequency questions on fish consumption in the Fishermen substudy. According to multiple regression modeling and LMG metrics, the most important fish consumption biomarkers were dioxins and PCBs among the men and MeHg among the women.
Environmental contaminants seemed to be slightly better fish consumption biomarkers than omega-3 PUFAs in the Baltic Sea area. The separate frequency questions measured fish consumption equally well when compared with the FFQ.
背景/目的：评估生物标志物和频率问题作为鱼类摄入量的衡量指标。
受试者/方法：渔民子研究包括 125 名男性和 139 名女性（年龄 22-74 岁），而健康 2000 子研究包括 577 名男性和 712 名女性（年龄 45-74 岁）。渔民研究的目的是检验高消费人群中鱼类消费的整体健康效应，而健康 2000 子研究的目的是获取心血管疾病和糖尿病的深入信息。两项研究均使用相同的经验证的食物频率问卷（FFQ）来测量鱼类摄入量，渔民子研究中还使用了另外两个单独的频率问题。二恶英、多氯联苯（PCBs）和甲基汞（MeHg）（仅在渔民子研究中）以及ω-3 多不饱和脂肪酸（ω-3PUFAs）（在两项研究中）均从空腹血清/血液样本中进行分析。
渔民子研究男性中，FFQ 鱼类摄入量与二恶英、PCBs、MeHg 和 ω-3PUFAs 的 Spearman 相关系数分别为 0.46、0.48、0.43 和 0.38，女性分别为 0.28、0.36、0.45 和 0.31。健康 2000 子研究中也观察到 FFQ 鱼类摄入量与血清 ω-3PUFAs 之间以及渔民子研究中 FFQ 鱼类摄入量与鱼类摄入量频率问题之间存在类似的相关性。根据多元回归建模和 LMG 指标，最重要的鱼类消费生物标志物是男性中的二恶英和 PCBs 以及女性中的 MeHg。
在波罗的海地区，环境污染物似乎是比 ω-3PUFAs 更好的鱼类摄入量生物标志物。与 FFQ 相比，单独的频率问题同样可以很好地测量鱼类摄入量。
