Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, Nursing, and Allied Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota.
J Rural Health. 2010 Winter;26(1):90-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1748-0361.2009.00270.x.
Few studies have examined pharmacists' level of patient care competence and need for continuous professional development in rural areas.
To assess North Dakota pharmacists' practice setting, perceived level of patient care competencies, and the need for professional development in urban and rural areas.
A survey was mailed to all 686 North Dakota pharmacists and included items regarding practice setting, competency areas, and the need for certificate programs.
Overall, 401 of 686 (58.5%) surveys were returned and 364 responses were usable. Three practice settings (independent community pharmacies [47.3%], chain stores [13.2%], and hospital pharmacies [22.8%]) comprised 83.3% of the sample. More independent community pharmacists were located in rural areas than urban areas (P < .01). More respondents had a Doctor of Pharmacy (PharmD) degree in urban areas (40.8%) compared to those in rural areas (15.1%) (P < .01). Pharmacists in urban areas rated 18 of 33 competencies higher than did pharmacists in rural areas (P < .01). Pharmacists with a Bachelor of Science degree reported a lower level of preparation than did PharmD trained pharmacists. Although not statistically significant, 28.2% of pharmacists perceived a patient care certificate as a need and a greater percentage were from rural than urban areas.
The findings should be interpreted to be primarily due to differences in practice setting and degree earned that were most prevalent in urban and rural areas. Training mode needed most is through the certificate program, particularly by rural pharmacists who reported a lower level of preparation on perceived patient care-related items than did urban pharmacists.
很少有研究考察过药师在农村地区的患者护理能力水平和持续专业发展的需求。
评估北达科他州药师在城市和农村地区的实践环境、感知的患者护理能力水平以及对专业发展的需求。
向所有 686 名北达科他州药剂师邮寄了一份调查问卷，其中包括有关实践环境、能力领域以及证书课程需求的项目。
共有 686 份调查中的 401 份（58.5%）被退回，其中 364 份回复可用。三种实践环境（独立社区药房[47.3%]、连锁店[13.2%]和医院药房[22.8%]）占样本的 83.3%。与城市地区相比，更多的独立社区药房位于农村地区（P<.01）。城市地区的受访者中拥有药学博士（PharmD）学位的比例（40.8%）高于农村地区（15.1%）（P<.01）。城市地区的药师对 33 项能力中的 18 项评价高于农村地区的药师（P<.01）。拥有理学学士学位的药师报告的准备程度低于 PharmD 培训的药师。尽管没有统计学意义，但 28.2%的药师认为患者护理证书是一种需求，而且来自农村地区的药师比例高于城市地区。
这些发现应主要解释为主要由于城市和农村地区最普遍的实践环境和所获得学位的差异。最需要的培训模式是通过证书课程，特别是农村药师，他们在感知与患者护理相关的项目上的准备程度低于城市药师。
