Centre for Alcohol and Drug Research, Copenhagen Division, Aarhus University, Artillerivej 90, 2300 Copenhagen S, Denmark.
J Stud Alcohol Drugs. 2010 Jan;71(1):32-40. doi: 10.15288/jsad.2010.71.32.
European Union travelers' allowances for alcohol import to Denmark, Sweden, and Finland were abolished in 2004. In addition, excise taxes on alcohol were lowered in 2003 and 2005 in Denmark, and in 2004 in Finland. Using northern Sweden as a control site, this study examines whether levels of reported alcohol problems have changed in Denmark, Finland, and southern Sweden as a consequence of these policy changes.
Annual cross-sectional surveys were conducted in Denmark, Finland, and Sweden from 2003 to 2006. Five dependency items and seven extrinsic alcohol-related problems were examined. Changes were analyzed within each country/region with logistic regressions and tested for short- and long-term changes. Differential change was also tested between each country and the control site, northern Sweden.
Prevalence of alcohol problems decreased over the study period. Only in selected subgroups did problems increase. This mainly occurred in the samples for northern Sweden and Finland, and mostly among older age groups and men. In relation to the control site, however, no increases in problem prevalence were found.
Our findings on a decline in reported alcohol problems largely agree with published reports on alcohol consumption over the same period in the study countries. They do not agree, however, with findings on changes in health and social statistics in Finland and Denmark, where some significant increases in alcohol-related harm have been found.
2004 年，欧盟（EU）取消了旅行者向丹麦、瑞典和芬兰进口酒类的许可，同时在 2003 年和 2005 年降低了丹麦的酒类消费税，2004 年降低了芬兰的酒类消费税。本研究以北欧的瑞典为对照点，考察了这些政策变化对丹麦、芬兰和瑞典南部的报告饮酒问题水平是否产生了影响。
2003 年至 2006 年，在丹麦、芬兰和瑞典每年进行一次横断面调查。共检查了 5 项依赖项和 7 项外在的与酒精相关的问题。用逻辑回归法在每个国家/地区内分析变化情况，并检验短期和长期的变化。还对每个国家和对照点（瑞典北部）之间的差异变化进行了测试。
研究期间，酒精问题的流行率有所下降。只有在一些特定的亚组中，问题才有所增加。这种情况主要发生在瑞典北部和芬兰的样本中，主要发生在年龄较大的人群和男性中。然而，与对照点相比，并未发现问题流行率的增加。
我们关于报告的饮酒问题减少的发现与同期研究国家的酒精消费报告大体一致。然而，这与芬兰和丹麦的健康和社会统计数据变化的发现不一致，在这些国家发现了一些与酒精相关的伤害显著增加的情况。
