Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, University of Munich Medical Centre, Germany.
Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2010 Feb;50(2):100-5. doi: 10.1080/10408390903467431.
Some previous studies reported a higher meal frequency associated with a lower body weight both in obese and in normal weight adults. We review recent studies addressing the relation between meal frequency and obesity risk in children and adolescents. In a Medline search, we identified 5 observational studies published between 2004 and 2009 that reviewed data on a total of 13,998 children and adolescents from the United States, Germany, and Portugal. Three of the five studies found a significant reduction of obesity risk with increasing number of meals, which persisted after adjustment for confounders, while the two other studies found a non-significant trend in the same direction. Given the consistent association of skipping meals with an increased obesity risk in children, it appears prudent to promote a regular meal pattern with 5 meals per day with adequate composition to children and their families. Prospective controlled trials to assess the protective potential of promoting regular and frequent meals in children and their families are highly desirable to strengthen the evidence base for such preventive approaches, which should explore the feasibility and effects of interventions.
一些先前的研究报告称，在肥胖和正常体重的成年人中，较高的进餐频率与较低的体重有关。我们综述了最近的研究，这些研究探讨了儿童和青少年的进餐频率与肥胖风险之间的关系。在 Medline 搜索中，我们确定了 5 项发表于 2004 年至 2009 年的观察性研究，这些研究回顾了来自美国、德国和葡萄牙的总共 13998 名儿童和青少年的数据。五项研究中有三项发现，随着进餐次数的增加，肥胖风险显著降低，在调整了混杂因素后仍然如此，而另外两项研究则发现了朝着同一方向的非显著趋势。鉴于儿童不规律用餐与肥胖风险增加之间存在一致的关联，因此似乎有必要向儿童及其家庭宣传每天 5 餐且饮食结构合理的规律进餐模式。非常需要开展前瞻性对照试验来评估促进儿童及其家庭规律和频繁进餐对预防肥胖的潜在保护作用，以加强这种预防方法的循证基础，这些方法应探索干预措施的可行性和效果。
