Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Lancet Infect Dis. 2010 Feb;10(2):112-24. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(09)70324-X.
Most invasive meningococcal disease in developed countries is caused by Neisseria meningitidis with a serogroup B capsule. However, despite availability of vaccines for other serogroups since the 1960s, no serogroup B vaccine exists. In this Review we look at the development of serogroup B vaccines over the past 40 years. Outer membrane vesicle vaccines have been successfully used to control geographically isolated epidemics, but most have not been highly immunogenic in young children or provided broad cross-protection from infections with other strains. Vaccines based on subcapsular antigens have recently produced promising results in early clinical trials, and the disease burden might be substantially reduced over the next few years.
大多数发达国家侵袭性脑膜炎球菌病是由具有 B 群荚膜的脑膜炎奈瑟菌引起的。然而，尽管自 20 世纪 60 年代以来就有针对其他血清群的疫苗，但目前仍没有 B 群疫苗。在这篇综述中，我们回顾了过去 40 年 B 群疫苗的发展情况。荚膜表面疫苗已成功用于控制地理上隔离的流行，但大多数疫苗在幼儿中的免疫原性不高，或不能提供对其他菌株感染的广泛交叉保护。基于荚膜下抗原的疫苗最近在早期临床试验中取得了有希望的结果，在未来几年内，疾病负担可能会大大降低。
