Ruiz Alfonso Maldonado, Martínez Eduardo Guerrero, Rodríguez María Angeles Rodríguez, de Llano Jesús María Andrés, Hernández Cristóbal Frontela, Rodríguez Manuela Moreira, de la Lama de León Gonzalo, González Julio Díaz, de la Torre Santos Sara
Unidad de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Complejo Asistencial de Palencia, Palencia, España.
Endocrinol Nutr. 2009 Dec;56(10):452-7. doi: 10.1016/S1575-0922(09)73313-3.
Iodine deficiency in pregnant women may result in substantial and irreversible impairment in fetal brain development, even from the first few weeks of pregnancy.
To assess the nutritional iodine status of pregnant women in our health area and its relationship with dietary factors and thyroid function and to suggest treatment guidelines.
A study in 164 pregnant women in early pregnancy was carried out. Data on urinary iodine concentrations were gathered from 24-hour urine samples. Data on anthropometric parameters and thyroid function were included. Information on dietary habits in the previous week was collected using a nutritional questionnaire. All data were obtained before iodine supplements were administered.
The median urinary iodine concentration was 92 [p25-p75 range, 71-139] microg/l. Seventy-eight percent of urinary iodine values were under 150 microg/l. Women who took iodized salt had higher levels of urinary iodine concentrations than women without iodized salt intake.
Seventy-eight percent of pregnant women in our health area were iodine deficient. Iodized salt intake is related to iodine sufficiency and to increased urinary iodine concentrations. Measures to increase intake of iodized salt among the population should be implemented. Iodized salt supplements should be systematically prescribed in women from the beginning of pregnancy.
孕妇碘缺乏可能导致胎儿大脑发育出现严重且不可逆的损害，甚至在怀孕的最初几周就会如此。
评估我们健康区域内孕妇的碘营养状况及其与饮食因素和甲状腺功能的关系，并提出治疗指南。
对164例早孕孕妇进行了一项研究。从24小时尿液样本中收集尿碘浓度数据。纳入人体测量参数和甲状腺功能数据。使用营养问卷收集前一周的饮食习惯信息。所有数据均在给予碘补充剂之前获得。
尿碘浓度中位数为92[第25 - 75百分位数范围，71 - 139]微克/升。78%的尿碘值低于150微克/升。食用加碘盐的女性尿碘浓度水平高于未摄入加碘盐的女性。
我们健康区域内78%的孕妇碘缺乏。摄入加碘盐与碘充足及尿碘浓度升高有关。应采取措施增加人群中加碘盐的摄入量。从怀孕开始就应为女性系统性地开具加碘盐补充剂。
