University of Washington, Department of Orthodontics, Box 357446, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2010 Jan;137(1):18-25. doi: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2008.02.023.
In this retrospective cohort study of the effectiveness of interceptive orthodontic treatment, we compared patients receiving interceptive orthodontic treatment with untreated control subjects.
Models were scored by using the index of complexity, outcome and need (ICON). Control models (n = 113) were archival and were selected based on malocclusion in the early mixed dentition and no orthodontic treatment during the subsequent 2 years. The patients (n = 133) were in the mixed dentition and consecutively treated in the University of Bergen orthodontic clinic. Initial ages were 9.4 years (+ or - 1.4) for the treated group and 9.3 years (+ or - 0.8) for the control group. The treatment took a mean of 27.2 months (+ or - 16.3) for the patients; the control group was observed for a mean of 24.4 months (+ or - 3.6). Subject Groups were matched for age, need, complexity, duration, and all ICON components except spacing (P <0.006) and crossbite (P <0.000).
ICON scores decreased after treatment by 38.8% (P <0.0001) from 54.9 (+ or - 16.6) to 33.6 (+ or - 16.1). The controls were unchanged, with ICON scores of 54.0 (+ or - 14.8) and 54.2 (+ or - 16.9). Improvement grades were different (P <0.0001), with most controls categorized as "not improved or worse" (89.4%), whereas only 36.1% of the treated group were in that category. However, there were increases in the "minimal," "moderate," and "substantial" improvement categories for the treated subjects (22.6%, 21.1%, and 17.3%, respectively). The controls did not change in any ICON component and worsened in crowding (P <0.007), whereas the patients improved in esthetics, crowding, crossbite, and overbite (P <0.007).
These results indicate that interceptive orthodontic treatment is effective for improving malocclusion but does not produce finished-quality results.
在这项关于阻断性正畸治疗效果的回顾性队列研究中，我们比较了接受阻断性正畸治疗的患者和未接受治疗的对照组。
使用复杂性、结果和需求指数（ICON）对模型进行评分。对照组模型（n=113）为存档模型，根据早期混合牙列的错颌畸形选择，且在随后的 2 年内未接受正畸治疗。患者（n=133）处于混合牙列期，连续在卑尔根大学正畸诊所接受治疗。治疗组的初始年龄为 9.4 岁（+/-1.4），对照组为 9.3 岁（+/-0.8）。治疗组的平均治疗时间为 27.2 个月（+/-16.3），对照组的观察时间平均为 24.4 个月（+/-3.6）。除了间隙（P<0.006）和反颌（P<0.0001）外，两组在年龄、需要、复杂性、持续时间和所有 ICON 成分方面均匹配（P<0.0001）。
治疗后，ICON 评分从 54.9（+/-16.6）降至 33.6（+/-16.1），降低了 38.8%（P<0.0001）。对照组没有变化，ICON 评分为 54.0（+/-14.8）和 54.2（+/-16.9）。改善程度不同（P<0.0001），大多数对照组被归类为“无改善或恶化”（89.4%），而只有 36.1%的治疗组属于该类别。然而，治疗组的“轻度”、“中度”和“显著”改善类别的比例有所增加（分别为 22.6%、21.1%和 17.3%）。对照组在 ICON 成分方面没有变化，拥挤度恶化（P<0.007），而患者的美观、拥挤、反颌和覆盖改善（P<0.007）。
这些结果表明，阻断性正畸治疗对于改善错颌畸形是有效的，但不能产生成品质量的结果。
