Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
J Am Coll Surg. 2010 Jan;210(1):23-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2009.08.011. Epub 2009 Oct 2.
With the current and projected shortages of general surgeons, more attention is being paid to the increasing pool of women physicians. This study seeks to understand the variables leading to career satisfaction for women surgeons to better recruit, retain, and support them.
Eighteen semi-structured interviews of 12 female and 6 male surgeons 2 to 12 years into practice were qualitatively analyzed and converted to coded, categorized data. Significance was derived by Fisher's exact test. Participants were recruited by snowball sampling.
Our sample represents a highly satisfied group of female and male surgeons. Although both women and men describe with equal frequency having made career tradeoffs for personal and family time, and vice versa, women far more frequently than men cite reasons related to their personal time, predictable time, and family relationships as why they are currently satisfied with their career (34.1% versus 8.7%; p < 0.05). Both cite being satisfied by career content equally. When describing strategies used in developing a successful surgical career, women most frequently cite social networks as a key to success (88% versus 12% by men; p < 0.05), and men more frequently cite reasons related to training (29% versus 0% by women; p < 0.05) and compensation (24% versus 0% by women; p < 0.05).
Although both men and women make tradeoffs of career for family and family for career, women's perception of satisfaction comes from viewing their surgical career within the broader context of their lives. Women might be attracted to a career that acknowledges and values the whole person beyond the surgeon, and could benefit from work infrastructures that enhance networking.
随着普通外科医生的当前和预计短缺，越来越多的关注集中在不断增加的女性医生群体上。本研究旨在了解导致女性外科医生职业满意度的变量，以便更好地招聘、留住和支持她们。
对 12 名女性和 6 名男性外科医生中的 18 名进行了半结构化访谈，这些外科医生的从业时间为 2 至 12 年，访谈内容进行了定性分析，并转换为编码的、分类的数据。通过 Fisher 精确检验得出显著性。参与者通过滚雪球抽样招募。
我们的样本代表了一组高度满意的女性和男性外科医生。尽管女性和男性都同样频繁地描述为了个人和家庭时间而做出职业权衡，反之亦然，但女性比男性更频繁地提到与个人时间、可预测时间和家庭关系有关的原因，说明她们为什么对自己的职业感到满意（34.1%对 8.7%；p<0.05）。两者都同样满意自己的职业内容。在描述发展成功外科职业生涯的策略时，女性最常提到社交网络是成功的关键（88%对 12%的男性；p<0.05），而男性更常提到与培训（29%对 0%的女性；p<0.05）和薪酬（24%对 0%的女性；p<0.05）有关的原因。
尽管男性和女性都为家庭和家庭而牺牲职业，但女性对职业的满意度来自于将自己的外科职业生涯置于更广泛的生活背景中。女性可能会被一种承认和重视超越外科医生的完整个人的职业所吸引，并可能受益于增强社交网络的工作基础设施。
