Ocakli Birsen, Yorgancioglu Arzu, Gungor Sinem, Topcu Fusun, Senol Yesim Yigiter, Goktas Basak, Kokturk Nurdan, Tuncay Eylem, Gundogus Baran, Altinoz Hilal, Yasin Yesim, Ozmen Ipek, Duru Serap, Yildirim Elif Ozari, Sevim Tulin, Ozturk Cansel Atinkaya, Uzaslan Esra
Clinic of Chest Diseases, University of Health Sciences Istanbul Sureyyapasa Chest Diseases and Thoracic Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Türkiye.
Department of Chest Diseases, Celal Bayar University Faculty of Medicine, Manisa, Türkiye.
Front Med (Lausanne). 2024 Nov 20;11:1463732. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1463732. eCollection 2024.
This study aimed to evaluate attitudes toward and exposure to gender discrimination in work life by chest diseases specialists and thoracic surgeons.
A total of 275 members of Turkish Thoracic Society (TTS) were included on a voluntary basis in this online cross-sectional questionnaire-survey using an internal member-only social media platform of TTS. The questionnaire form elicited items on sociodemographic characteristics, occupational characteristics and gender discrimination in work life (general opinions, attitudes and exposure).
Female doctors (vs. males) were less likely to be a thoracic surgeon (13.8% vs. 34.5%, < 0.05) and a professor of thoracic surgery (0.0% vs. 26.7% vs. < 0.05), and more likely to consider housework as a considerable burden (89.8 vs. 73.6%, = 0.02) and the significant role of discriminatory, negative and dissuasive attitudes of male physicians in their career choice (67.6 vs. 35.6%, = 0.039). Male doctors were more likely to considered that men are more successful in specialties that require active physical strength (65.5 vs. 27.7%, = 0.005) and those with very long working hours and heavy shifts (57.5 vs. 39.4%, = 0.001). Female thoracic surgeons were more likely than males to consider that specialties with very long working hours and heavy shifts are more suitable for men (26.9 vs. 6.0%, = 0.027) and men are given priority in academic career promotion (64.0 vs. 13.3%, < 0.001). Younger (vs. older) females reported higher rate of exposure to gender discrimination ( = 0.041) and considerable impact of social roles on the specialty ( = 0.007), while female doctors working as a resident (33.8%) and a specialist (50.05%) indicated higher rate of exposure to gender discrimination during their career ( = 0.024).
In conclusion, our findings revealed that exposure to gender discrimination in work life was more commonly expressed by female members of TTS, particularly in terms of burden of social roles, career advancement options and leadership positions, along with significant role of discriminatory, negative and dissuasive attitudes of male physicians in their career choice. Accordingly, women remain underrepresented in thoracic surgery, particularly in the academic rank of full professor and in leadership positions with inability to promote after a definite step in their careers.
本研究旨在评估胸科疾病专家和胸外科医生对工作生活中性别歧视的态度及遭受性别歧视的情况。
共有275名土耳其胸科学会（TTS）成员自愿参与了此次在线横断面问卷调查，该调查通过TTS内部仅面向会员的社交媒体平台进行。问卷形式涉及社会人口统计学特征、职业特征以及工作生活中的性别歧视（总体看法、态度和遭受歧视情况）等项目。
女性医生（与男性相比）成为胸外科医生的可能性较小（13.8%对34.5%，P<0.05），成为胸外科教授的可能性也较小（0.0%对26.7%，P<0.05），更有可能认为家务是一项相当大的负担（89.8%对73.6%，P = 0.02），并且更认为男性医生的歧视性、消极和劝阻性态度在她们的职业选择中起到了重要作用（67.6%对35.6%，P = 0.039）。男性医生更有可能认为在需要较强体力的专科领域男性更成功（65.5%对27.7%，P = 0.005），在工作时间很长且轮班繁重的专科领域也是如此（57.5%对39.4%，P = 0.001）。女性胸外科医生比男性更有可能认为工作时间很长且轮班繁重的专科领域更适合男性（26.9%对6.0%，P = 0.027），并且在学术职业晋升中男性更具优先权（64.0%对13.3%，P<0.001）。年轻女性（与年长女性相比）报告遭受性别歧视的比例更高（P = 0.041），且社会角色对专科选择有相当大的影响（P = 0.007），而担任住院医生（33.8%）和专科医生（50.05%）的女性医生表示在其职业生涯中遭受性别歧视的比例更高（P = 0.024）。
总之，我们的研究结果显示，TTS的女性成员在工作生活中更常表达遭受性别歧视的情况，特别是在社会角色负担、职业晋升选择和领导职位方面，以及男性医生的歧视性、消极和劝阻性态度在她们职业选择中起到的重要作用方面。因此，女性在胸外科领域的代表性仍然不足，尤其是在正教授的学术级别和领导职位方面，她们在职业生涯达到一定阶段后无法获得晋升。
