Population Council, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Int Perspect Sex Reprod Health. 2009 Dec;35(4):186-93. doi: 10.1363/ipsrh.35.186.09.
Numerous studies of adolescent sexual behavior have explored factors associated with early sexual debut. However, few studies have examined the role of social exclusion and marginalization in relation to early and unwanted sexual initiation.
A population-based study of 1,837 out-of-school females aged 10-19 was conducted in three low-income urban areas of Ethiopia in 2008. Descriptive and multivariate analyses were used to identify characteristics associated with having experienced coerced sexual initiation and sexual debut before age 15.
Nearly half (48%) of the young women in the sample were domestic workers, and many reported significant social exclusion, including lack of friends, community support networks and group membership. Overall, 23% reported being sexually experienced and 27% of those had first had sex before age 15. Compared with other young women, domestic workers were significantly more likely to have had sex before age 15 (odds ratio, 3.3), and to have been coerced into having sex (1.8). Social exclusion was associated with significantly higher odds of coerced first sex (2.0).
Programs for female adolescents should build their social capital and inclusion, as well as provide opportunities for them to stay in school and obtain positive and nonexploitive forms of work.
许多关于青少年性行为的研究都探讨了与早期性行为开始相关的因素。然而，很少有研究探讨社会排斥和边缘化与早期和非自愿的性开始之间的关系。
2008 年，在埃塞俄比亚三个低收入城市地区对 1837 名 10-19 岁失学的女性进行了一项基于人群的研究。采用描述性和多变量分析来确定与被迫性初始性行为和 15 岁前性开始相关的特征。
在样本中，近一半（48%）的年轻女性是家庭佣工，许多人报告存在严重的社会排斥，包括缺乏朋友、社区支持网络和团体成员资格。总体而言，23%的人有过性行为，其中 27%的人在 15 岁之前就有了第一次性行为。与其他年轻女性相比，家庭佣工更早发生性行为的可能性显著更高（比值比，3.3），并且更有可能被迫发生性行为（1.8）。社会排斥与被迫发生第一次性行为的几率显著增加（2.0）有关。
女性青少年计划应建立他们的社会资本和包容性，为他们提供留在学校和获得积极、非剥削性工作的机会。
