Jeemon P, Prabhakaran D, Mohan V, Thankappan K R, Joshi P P, Ahmed F, Chaturvedi V, Reddy K S
Initiative for Cardiovascular Health Research in the Developing Countries, C1/52, Second Floor, Safdarjang Development Area, New Delhi 110016, India.
Natl Med J India. 2009 Jul-Aug;22(4):172-6.
Along with the existing problem of underweight, overweight in children is increasing in the developing world. However, there is little information on its magnitude and pattern in the Indian context. We aimed to study the pattern and correlates of overweight in Indian children and adolescents.
A total of 3750 children in the age group of 10-19 years, who were family members of randomly selected employees from 10 different industrial sites in India, were surveyed using an interviewer-administered questionnaire.
The prevalence of underweight was highest in peri-urban areas (30.2% and 53.2% according to Indian and international criteria, respectively). In urban and highly urban areas, the prevalence of underweight was 14.1% and 9.8%, respectively, according to the Indian criteria, and 27.1% and 19.2%, respectively, according to international criteria. The proportion of overweight children was highest in the highly urban category (19.1% and 13.4% according to Indian and international criteria, respectively). The level of urbanization (OR 3.1 and 4.7 for overweight in urban and highly urban areas, respectively, compared with peri-urban areas, p < 0.001), physical activity (OR 0.4, p < 0.001, in children with physical activity score > or = 75th percentile compared with a score < or = 75th percentile) and frequency of meals outside the home (OR 12, p < 0.001, if > 25% weekly meals taken outside the home compared with < 25% of weekly meals outside home) were significant predictors of overweight.
There is a double burden of underweight and overweight among Indian children and adolescents.
在发展中世界，儿童超重现象日益增多，同时体重不足问题依然存在。然而，在印度背景下，关于其规模和模式的信息却很少。我们旨在研究印度儿童和青少年超重的模式及其相关因素。
对来自印度10个不同工业场所的随机挑选员工的家庭成员中，年龄在10 - 19岁的3750名儿童，使用访谈员管理的问卷进行了调查。
城郊地区体重不足的患病率最高（根据印度标准为30.2%，根据国际标准为53.2%）。在城市和高度城市化地区，根据印度标准，体重不足的患病率分别为14.1%和9.8%，根据国际标准分别为27.1%和19.2%。超重儿童的比例在高度城市化类别中最高（根据印度标准为19.1%，根据国际标准为13.4%）。城市化水平（与城郊地区相比，城市和高度城市化地区超重的比值比分别为3.1和4.7，p < 0.001）(^1)、身体活动（身体活动得分≥第75百分位数的儿童与得分≤第75百分位数的儿童相比，比值比为0.4，p < 0.001）和外出就餐频率（如果每周超过25%的餐食在家庭外食用与每周低于25%的餐食在家庭外食用相比，比值比为12，p < 0.001）是超重的显著预测因素。
印度儿童和青少年中存在体重不足和超重的双重负担。
(^1)原文中“OR”为“比值比”，是一种统计学指标，用于衡量两个变量之间的关联强度，这里是指不同城市化水平地区超重情况与城郊地区超重情况对比的关联强度指标。在翻译时保留英文缩写，以便读者理解其在医学统计语境中的含义。
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