Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States.
Atherosclerosis. 2010 Jun;210(2):630-6. doi: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2009.12.035. Epub 2010 Jan 14.
Mediterranean diet has been promoted as the preferred dietary model for cardiovascular disease prevention in the United States.
We sought to evaluate the degree to which the Mediterranean diet is associated with reduced levels of atherothrombotic biomarkers in a population-based sample in the U.S.
Data from 13,197 adults between the ages of 18 and 90 were collected and atherothrombotic risk factors assessed as part of the NHANES III, 1988-1994. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was evaluated using food frequency questionnaires, supplemented by the 24-h dietary recall data, to develop Mediterranean Diet Scores (MedDietScore) that were analyzed in tertiles. The cross-sectional relationship of MedDietScore to atherothrombotic factors were analyzed using multiple variable regression analysis adjusted for complex sampling design using SUDAAN.
The components of the Mediterranean diet and the dietary pattern's associations with atherothrombotic risk factors differed by age and gender. For men <45 years of age as MedDietScore increased: total cholesterol/HDL cholesterol (TC/HDL) ratio (p=0.0390), serum insulin (p=0.0414), and white blood cell (WBC) (p=0.0246) decreased. For men>or=45 years as MedDietScore increased: TC/HDL ratio (p=0.0008), Hemoglobin A1c (HgbA1c) (p=0.0001), HOMA index (p=0.0486), C-reactive protein (p=0.0034), fibrinogen (p=0.0028) decreased and HDL cholesterol (HDL-c) levels (p<0.0001) increased. For pre-menopausal women, as MedDietScore increased: TC/HDL ratio (p<0.0001), non-HDL cholesterol (p=0.0012), apolipoprotein B (p=0.0112), HgbA1c (p=0.0001), decreased and HDL-c levels (p<0.0001) increased. For post-menopausal women, as MedDietScore increased: TC/HDL ratio (p=0.0005), Triglycerides (p<0.0001), serum insulin (p=0.0062), HOMA index (p=0.0063) and Homocysteine (Hcy) (0.0046) levels decreased and HDL-c levels (p=0.0005) increased.
Mediterranean diet appears to be associated with selective measures of cardioprotective lipid profiles, glucose metabolism, and inflammation and coagulation levels.
地中海饮食已被倡导为美国预防心血管疾病的首选饮食模式。
我们旨在评估地中海饮食与美国人群中动脉粥样硬化血栓形成生物标志物水平降低的相关性。
1988-1994 年，在 NHANES III 中收集了 13197 名年龄在 18 至 90 岁之间的成年人的数据，并评估了动脉粥样硬化血栓形成的危险因素。使用食物频率问卷评估地中海饮食的依从性，并结合 24 小时膳食回顾数据，制定地中海饮食评分（MedDietScore），并将其分为三分位。使用 SUDAAN 分析复杂抽样设计的多变量回归分析，分析 MedDietScore 与动脉粥样硬化血栓形成危险因素的横断面关系。
地中海饮食的组成部分及其与动脉粥样硬化血栓形成风险因素的关联因年龄和性别而异。对于<45 岁的男性，随着 MedDietScore 的增加：总胆固醇/高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（TC/HDL）比值（p=0.0390）、血清胰岛素（p=0.0414）和白细胞（WBC）（p=0.0246）降低。对于≥45 岁的男性，随着 MedDietScore 的增加：TC/HDL 比值（p=0.0008）、糖化血红蛋白（HgbA1c）（p=0.0001）、HOMA 指数（p=0.0486）、C 反应蛋白（p=0.0034）、纤维蛋白原（p=0.0028）降低，高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-c）水平（p<0.0001）升高。对于绝经前女性，随着 MedDietScore 的增加：TC/HDL 比值（p<0.0001）、非高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（p=0.0012）、载脂蛋白 B（p=0.0112）、HgbA1c（p=0.0001）降低，高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（p<0.0001）水平升高。对于绝经后女性，随着 MedDietScore 的增加：TC/HDL 比值（p=0.0005）、甘油三酯（p<0.0001）、血清胰岛素（p=0.0062）、HOMA 指数（p=0.0063）和同型半胱氨酸（Hcy）（p=0.0046）水平降低，高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（p=0.0005）水平升高。
地中海饮食似乎与保护性血脂谱、葡萄糖代谢以及炎症和凝血水平的某些指标相关。
