Matin A
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University, California 94305-5402.
Mol Microbiol. 1991 Jan;5(1):3-10. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2958.1991.tb01819.x.
At the onset of starvation Escherichia coli undergoes a temporally ordered program of starvation gene expression involving 40-80 genes which some four hours later yields cells possessing an enhanced general resistance. Two classes of genes are induced upon carbon starvation: the cst genes, requiring cyclic AMP, and the pex genes, not requiring this nucleotide for induction. The cst genes are not involved in the development of the resistant state and are concerned with escape from starvation, while the pex gene induction appears to be associated with resistance. Many of the latter are induced in response to a variety of starvation conditions. They include heat shock and oxidation resistance genes, and some utilize minor, stationary-phase-specific sigma factors for induction during starvation. The protective role of stress proteins may be due to their ability to rescue misfolded macromolecules. The starvation promoters can be potentially useful for selective expression of desired genes in metabolically sluggish populations, e.g. in high-density industrial fermentations and in situ bioremediation.
在饥饿开始时，大肠杆菌会经历一个时间上有序的饥饿基因表达程序，涉及40 - 80个基因，大约四小时后会产生具有增强的一般抗性的细胞。碳饥饿时会诱导两类基因：需要环腺苷酸的cst基因和诱导时不需要这种核苷酸的pex基因。cst基因不参与抗性状态的形成，而是与摆脱饥饿有关，而pex基因的诱导似乎与抗性相关。后者中的许多基因是在多种饥饿条件下被诱导的。它们包括热休克和抗氧化基因，并且一些基因在饥饿期间利用次要的、特定于稳定期的σ因子进行诱导。应激蛋白的保护作用可能归因于它们拯救错误折叠的大分子的能力。饥饿启动子可能潜在地用于在代谢缓慢的群体中选择性表达所需基因，例如在高密度工业发酵和原位生物修复中。
