Extremes Research Group, Bangor University, Bangor, UK.
Eur J Appl Physiol. 2010 Jun;109(3):417-28. doi: 10.1007/s00421-010-1378-x. Epub 2010 Feb 6.
The purpose of the study was to determine the effects of two nights of sleep deprivation with or without energy restriction on immune indices at rest and in response to cold exposure. On three randomised occasions ten males slept normally [mean (SD): 436 (21) min night(-1); CON], were totally sleep-deprived (SDEP), or were totally sleep-deprived and 90% energy-restricted (SDEP + ER) for 53 h. After 53 h (1200 h) participants performed a seated cold air test (CAT) at 0.0 degrees C until T (re) decreased to 36.0 degrees C. Circulating leucocyte counts, neutrophil degranulation, stress hormones and saliva secretory IgA (S-IgA) were determined at 0 h, 24 h, 48 h, pre-CAT, post-CAT, 1-h and 2-h post-CAT. One night on SDEP increased bacterially stimulated neutrophil degranulation (21%, P < 0.05), and two nights on SDEP and SDEP + ER increased S-IgA concentration (40 and 44%; P < 0.01). No other significant effects were observed for immuno-endocrine measures prior to CAT. CAT duration was not different between trials [mean (SD): 133 (53) min] and T (re) decreased to 35.9 (0.3) degrees C. Modest whole-body cooling decreased circulating lymphocyte counts (25%; P < 0.01), S-IgA concentration (36%; P < 0.01) and secretion rate (24%; P < 0.05). A neutrophilia occurred post-CAT on CON and SDEP and 2-h post-CAT on SDEP + ER (P < 0.01). Modest whole-body cooling also decreased neutrophil degranulation on CON (22%) and SDEP (18%; P < 0.05). Plasma cortisol and norepinephrine increased post-CAT (31 and 346%, P < 0.05), but modest whole-body cooling did not alter plasma epinephrine. In conclusion, two nights of SDEP or SDEP + ER did not compromise resting immune indices. However, modest whole-body cooling (T(re) 35.9 degrees C) decreased circulating lymphocytes, neutrophil degranulation and S-IgA, but responses were not amplified by prior SDEP or SDEP + ER.
这项研究的目的是确定两晚睡眠剥夺加或不加能量限制对静息和冷暴露时免疫指标的影响。在三次随机情况下，10 名男性正常睡眠[平均（标准差）：436（21）min/夜；CON]、完全睡眠剥夺（SDEP）或完全睡眠剥夺和 90%能量限制（SDEP+ER）53 小时。53 小时后（1200 小时），参与者在 0.0 摄氏度的坐姿冷空气试验（CAT）中进行，直到 T（re）降至 36.0 摄氏度。在 0 小时、24 小时、48 小时、CAT 前、CAT 后、CAT 后 1 小时和 2 小时测定循环白细胞计数、中性粒细胞脱颗粒、应激激素和唾液分泌型免疫球蛋白 A（S-IgA）。SDEP 一晚增加了细菌刺激的中性粒细胞脱颗粒作用（21%，P<0.05），两晚 SDEP 和 SDEP+ER 增加了 S-IgA 浓度（40%和 44%；P<0.01）。在 CAT 前，免疫内分泌措施没有观察到其他显著影响。试验之间的 CAT 持续时间没有差异[平均（标准差）：133（53）min]，T（re）降至 35.9（0.3）摄氏度。适度的全身冷却降低了循环淋巴细胞计数（25%，P<0.01）、S-IgA 浓度（36%，P<0.01）和分泌率（24%，P<0.05）。CON 和 SDEP 上 CAT 后出现中性粒细胞增多，SDEP+ER 上 CAT 后 2 小时出现中性粒细胞增多（P<0.01）。适度的全身冷却也降低了 CON（22%）和 SDEP（18%）上的中性粒细胞脱颗粒作用（P<0.05）。CAT 后血浆皮质醇和去甲肾上腺素增加（31%和 346%，P<0.05），但适度的全身冷却没有改变血浆肾上腺素。总之，两晚 SDEP 或 SDEP+ER 并未损害静息免疫指标。然而，适度的全身冷却（T（re）35.9 摄氏度）降低了循环淋巴细胞、中性粒细胞脱颗粒和 S-IgA，但之前的 SDEP 或 SDEP+ER 并没有放大这些反应。
