Center for Injury Research and Policy, Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, 700 Children's Dr, Columbus, OH 43205, USA.
Pediatrics. 2010 Mar;125(3):497-501. doi: 10.1542/peds.2009-0961. Epub 2010 Feb 8.
The objective of this study was to determine factors that are involved in shoulder injury rates among high school athletes who participate in organized baseball and softball.
Baseball- and softball-related injury data were collected during the 2005-2008 academic years from approximately 74 nationally representative high schools via High School Reporting Information Online.
Certified athletic trainers reported 91 baseball shoulder injuries and 40 softball shoulder injuries during 528147 and 399522 athlete exposures, respectively. The injury rate was 1.72 injuries per 10000 athlete exposures for baseball and 1.00 injuries per 10000 athlete exposures for softball. Muscle strain/incomplete tears were the most common injuries in both baseball (30.8%) and softball (35.0%). In practices, throwing, not including pitching, caused more than half of softball injuries (68.2%) as compared with competition injuries (23.5%; injury proportion ratio [IPR]: 2.90 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.17-7.15]; P = .015), whereas pitching was the most common mechanism in causing shoulder injuries during baseball practice (41.9%) compared with competitions (25.6%; IPR: 1.64 [95% CI: 0.88-3.04]; P = .17). Eighty-one percent of the baseball shoulder injuries and 82.5% of the softball shoulder injuries were new. Ten percent of baseball athletes and 5.3% of softball athletes sustained injuries that required surgery (IPR: 1.40 [95% CI: 0.32-6.10]; P = .93). Injuries that were sustained while the athlete was on the pitcher's mound were significantly more likely to result in surgery than any other field position (IPR: 2.64 [95% CI: 1.65-4.21]; P = .0061). Injured baseball players were more than twice as likely to be pitchers.
Although rates and patterns of shoulder injuries are similar between baseball and softball players, injury rates and patterns differ between field positions within each sport, as well as by injury severity and the athletes' year in school.
本研究旨在确定参与组织棒球和垒球的高中生运动员的肩部受伤率涉及的因素。
通过 High School Reporting Information Online，从大约 74 所全国代表性高中收集了 2005-2008 学年期间与棒球和垒球相关的受伤数据。
在 528147 名和 399522 名运动员暴露中，认证的运动训练师报告了 91 例棒球肩部损伤和 40 例垒球肩部损伤。棒球的损伤率为每 10000 名运动员暴露 1.72 例，垒球为每 10000 名运动员暴露 1.00 例。肌肉拉伤/不完全撕裂是棒球（30.8%）和垒球（35.0%）中最常见的损伤。在练习中，与比赛受伤（23.5%；损伤比例比[IPR]：2.90[95%置信区间（CI）：1.17-7.15]；P =.015）相比，投球造成了超过一半的垒球损伤（68.2%），而在棒球练习中，投球是导致肩部受伤的最常见机制（41.9%）与比赛（25.6%；IPR：1.64[95%CI：0.88-3.04]；P =.17）。81%的棒球肩部损伤和 82.5%的垒球肩部损伤是新伤。10%的棒球运动员和 5.3%的垒球运动员需要手术（IPR：1.40[95%CI：0.32-6.10]；P =.93）。受伤运动员处于投手土墩上时，更有可能需要手术，而不是其他任何场上位置（IPR：2.64[95%CI：1.65-4.21]；P =.0061）。受伤的棒球运动员更有可能是投手。
尽管棒球和垒球运动员的肩部受伤率和模式相似，但每种运动的场上位置、受伤严重程度和运动员所在年级不同，受伤率和模式也不同。
