Roberts Christian K, Liu Simin
Program on Genomics and Nutrition, Department of Epidemiology, University of California, Los Angeles, School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California 90095-1772, USA.
J Diabetes Sci Technol. 2009 Jul 1;3(4):697-704. doi: 10.1177/193229680900300414.
A large body of epidemiologic evidence has demonstrated that the combination of a Western diet and lifestyle is primarily responsible for the increased metabolic disease risk, such as obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and metabolic syndrome, noted in society today. Thus finding optimal intervention strategies to combat these growing epidemics is imperative. Despite some controversy, a growing body of literature indicates that one aspect of diet that likely affects phenotypic outcomes and metabolic disease risk is the glycemic load (GL). This brief review will provide an overview of the GL concept, discuss epidemiologic work investigating relationships between both GL and metabolic risk factors, as well as intervention studies that have assessed the impact of GL on phenotypic outcomes related to T2DM and cardiovascular disease. Overall, a low dietary GL may be protective against metabolic disease and should be considered as a healthful dietary component.
大量流行病学证据表明，西方饮食与生活方式的结合是当今社会中肥胖、2型糖尿病（T2DM）和代谢综合征等代谢疾病风险增加的主要原因。因此，找到对抗这些不断蔓延的流行病的最佳干预策略势在必行。尽管存在一些争议，但越来越多的文献表明，饮食中可能影响表型结果和代谢疾病风险的一个方面是血糖负荷（GL）。本简要综述将概述GL概念，讨论研究GL与代谢风险因素之间关系的流行病学研究，以及评估GL对与T2DM和心血管疾病相关的表型结果影响的干预研究。总体而言，低膳食GL可能对代谢疾病具有保护作用，应被视为一种健康的饮食成分。
