Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, USA.
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2010 Jan;1185:211-24. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.05163.x.
The determinants of individual behaviors that provide shared environmental benefits are a longstanding theme in social science research. Alternative behavioral models yield markedly different predictions and policy recommendations. This paper reviews and compares the literatures from two disciplines that appear to be moving toward a degree of convergence. In social psychology, moral theories of pro-environmental behavior have focused on the influence of personal moral norms while recognizing that external factors, such as costs and incentives, ultimately limit the strength of the norm-behavior relationship. Rational choice models, such as the theory of planned behavior in social psychology and the theories of voluntary provision of public goods in economics, have sought to incorporate the effects of personal norms and to measure their importance in explaining behaviors, such as recycling and the demand for green products. This paper explores the relationship between these approaches and their implications for the theory and practice of ecological economics.
为提供共享环境效益而采取的个体行为的决定因素是社会科学研究中的一个长期主题。替代行为模型产生了明显不同的预测和政策建议。本文回顾和比较了两个似乎正在走向一定程度融合的学科的文献。在社会心理学中，关于亲环境行为的道德理论侧重于个人道德规范的影响，同时认识到外部因素，如成本和激励，最终会限制规范-行为关系的强度。理性选择模型，如社会心理学中的计划行为理论和经济学中的公共物品自愿提供理论，试图纳入个人规范的影响，并衡量其在解释行为（如回收和对绿色产品的需求）方面的重要性。本文探讨了这些方法之间的关系及其对生态经济学的理论和实践的意义。
