MacRae T H, Pandey A S
Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 1991 Feb;20(2):247-52. doi: 10.1007/BF01055911.
The need for simple, fast and inexpensive tests to study metal pollution in the marine environment has become more pressing as utilization of coastal waters increases. To address this concern, the influence of four metals, cupric sulfate, lead nitrate, zinc sulfate and nickel sulfate, on emergence and hatching of the brine shrimp, Artemia, has been assessed. Occurrence of these easily recognized developmental milestones provides a convenient method to assay metal effects on development. Copper and lead were about equally toxic, reducing the rate and extent of Artemia development at or below concentrations of 0.1 microM. Zinc was somewhat less toxic than copper and lead, while nickel was the least toxic. Emerging Artemia are much more sensitive to metals than are larvae and adults. Furthermore, in contrast to results obtained with larvae and adults, the toxicity of lead is high when prelarval stages are considered. It is apparent from the findings that use of early stages of Artemia is an alternative to the examination of slower growing animals for the study of metal pollution in coastal marine waters.
随着沿海水域利用的增加，对用于研究海洋环境中金属污染的简单、快速且廉价的测试需求变得更加迫切。为解决这一问题，已评估了硫酸铜、硝酸铅、硫酸锌和硫酸镍这四种金属对卤虫（Artemia）孵化和幼体产出的影响。这些易于识别的发育里程碑事件的发生提供了一种便捷的方法来测定金属对发育的影响。铜和铅的毒性大致相当，在浓度为0.1微摩尔或更低时，会降低卤虫发育的速率和程度。锌的毒性略低于铜和铅，而镍的毒性最小。刚孵出的卤虫对金属的敏感性远高于幼虫和成虫。此外，与幼虫和成虫的研究结果相反，若考虑幼体前期阶段，铅的毒性很高。从这些发现可以明显看出，利用卤虫的早期阶段是一种替代方法，可用于替代对生长较慢的动物进行检查，以研究沿海海水中的金属污染。
