Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 213003, Changzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2010 Apr;83(4):399-406. doi: 10.1007/s00420-010-0520-8. Epub 2010 Feb 12.
To determine the sensitive and convenient biomarkers for the early detection of hepatic injury in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) exposed workers.
Seventy-nine individuals in a synthetic leather factory were investigated with questionnaire survey. The air samples, urine samples, and blood samples were collected at the specific time point. Airborne DMF and the urine metabolites of DMF were measured by gas chromatography (GC), high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Traditional liver function tests and hepatic fibrosis parameters were performed by auto-chemistry analyzer and ELISA methods.
The urine concentration of N-acetyl-S-(N-methylcarbamoyl)-cysteine (AMCC), one of the metabolites of DMF, was positively correlated with activities of liver function enzymes. About 60% subjects with urine AMCC concentration above 40 mg/g creatinine showed raised liver enzymes activities. In terms of hepatic fibrosis parameters, we found 4 of 5 abnormal total serum bile acid (SBA) and 4 of 4 abnormal serum hyaluronidase (HA) among workers with higher amount of urine AMCC.
Workers exposed to DMF with higher urine AMCC levels were more likely to develop liver diseases. In addition, SBA and HA have the potential to act as early indicators of toxic hepatic fibrosis activities for occupational health surveillance.
确定用于检测 N,N-二甲基甲酰胺（DMF）暴露工人肝损伤的敏感且方便的生物标志物。
对一家合成革厂的 79 名工人进行了问卷调查。在特定时间点采集空气样本、尿液样本和血液样本。使用气相色谱（GC）、高效液相色谱（HPLC）和气相色谱-质谱联用（GC-MS）法测定空气中的 DMF 及 DMF 的尿液代谢物。采用自动生化分析仪和酶联免疫吸附法测定传统肝功能和肝纤维化参数。
DMF 代谢物之一 N-乙酰-S-（N-甲基氨基甲酰）-半胱氨酸（AMCC）的尿浓度与肝功能酶活性呈正相关。约 60%尿 AMCC 浓度高于 40mg/g 肌酐的受试者表现出肝酶活性升高。在肝纤维化参数方面，我们发现尿 AMCC 含量较高的工人中，有 4 例总血清胆汁酸（SBA）异常，4 例血清透明质酸酶（HA）异常。
尿液 AMCC 水平较高的 DMF 暴露工人更有可能患上肝病。此外，SBA 和 HA 有可能成为职业健康监测中有毒性肝纤维化活动的早期指标。
