IRCCS Fondazione G.B. Bietti, Rome, Italy.
J Cataract Refract Surg. 2010 Feb;36(2):313-31. doi: 10.1016/j.jcrs.2009.09.026.
The expansion of wavefront-sensing techniques redefined the meaning of refractive error in clinical ophthalmology. Clinical aberrometers provide detailed measurements of the eye's wavefront aberration. The distribution and contribution of each higher-order aberration to the overall wavefront aberration in the individual eye can now be accurately determined and predicted. Using corneal or ocular wavefront sensors, studies have measured the interindividual and age-related changes in the wavefront aberration in the normal population with the goal of optimizing refractive surgery outcomes for the individual. New objective optical-quality metrics would lead to better use and interpretation of newly available information on aberrations in the eye. However, the first metrics introduced, based on sets of Zernike polynomials, is not completely suitable to depict visual quality because they do not directly relate to the quality of the retinal image. Thus, several approaches to describe the real, complex optical performance of human eyes have been implemented. These include objective metrics that quantify the quality of the optical wavefront in the plane of the pupil (ie, pupil-plane metrics) and others that quantify the quality of the retinal image (ie, image-plane metrics). These metrics are derived by wavefront aberration information from the individual eye. This paper reviews the more recent knowledge of the wavefront aberration in human eyes and discusses the image-quality and optical-quality metrics and predictors that are now routinely calculated by wavefront-sensor software to describe the optical and image quality in the individual eye.
波前感应技术的扩展重新定义了临床眼科中屈光不正的含义。临床像差仪提供了眼睛波前像差的详细测量。现在可以准确地确定和预测每个高阶像差对个体眼睛总波前像差的分布和贡献。使用角膜或眼波前传感器，研究已经测量了正常人群中波前像差的个体间和年龄相关性变化，目的是优化个体屈光手术的结果。新的客观光学质量指标将导致对新出现的眼部像差信息的更好利用和解释。然而，首先引入的基于 Zernike 多项式集的指标并不完全适合描述视觉质量，因为它们与视网膜图像的质量没有直接关系。因此，已经实施了几种描述人眼真实、复杂光学性能的方法。这些方法包括量化瞳孔平面上光学波前质量的客观指标（即瞳孔平面指标）和量化视网膜图像质量的其他指标（即图像平面指标）。这些指标是通过个体眼睛的波前像差信息得出的。本文回顾了人眼波前像差的最新知识，并讨论了现在通过波前传感器软件常规计算的描述个体眼睛光学和图像质量的图像质量和光学质量指标和预测因子。
